Division of Public Health, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010 Jan;8(1):41-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2009.10.004. Epub 2009 Nov 20.
The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of disease and injuries associated with travel, etiology, risk factors and medical management in a cross-sectional evaluation of university students, employees and teachers of the Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela, who returned from domestic travel. A questionnaire completed by 500 individuals was used to evaluate the incidence of disease and injuries associated with travel, the etiology, risk factors and medical management in university students, employees and teachers of Caracas, Venezuela. From the total who accepted and responded to the interview (460, 92%), 50.8% were females. Almost half of them had some vaccination before travel for: measles 78%, rubella 73.6%, hepatitis B 57%, Yellow fever 53.7%. After travel, 53.9% of the individuals reported disease or injury related with travel, including insect bites (22%), which was reported most commonly. Occurrence of disease and injuries was higher for those who traveled to the jungle (OR=5.23, 95% CI 0.62-43.80), followed by those who travel to two areas (OR=1.82, 95% CI 1.06-3.13). Drinking alcohol during travel was identified in 73.8%, was significantly higher in men (p<0.01), and was associated with car accidents. Finally, 14.8% required medical attention during travel. The results indicated the importance of education and training in travel medicine, a relatively new medical discipline in Venezuela. Venezuela has a significant number of people visiting areas at risk for the acquisition of tropical and non-tropical conditions. Occasionally, travelers were without adequate preventive measures and pre-travel advice which is considered of utmost importance.
本研究的目的是描述委内瑞拉加拉加斯中央大学的学生、员工和教师在国内旅行返回后与旅行相关的疾病和伤害的发生率、病因、危险因素和医疗管理。我们使用了一份由 500 人完成的问卷，评估了委内瑞拉加拉加斯大学生、员工和教师在旅行中与旅行相关的疾病和伤害的发生率、病因、危险因素和医疗管理。在总共接受并回应采访的 460 人中（占 92%），有 50.8%是女性。他们中几乎有一半人在旅行前进行了一些疫苗接种：麻疹 78%、风疹 73.6%、乙型肝炎 57%、黄热病 53.7%。旅行后，53.9%的人报告了与旅行相关的疾病或伤害，包括虫咬（22%），这是最常见的报告。旅行到丛林（OR=5.23，95%CI 0.62-43.80）和旅行到两个地区（OR=1.82，95%CI 1.06-3.13）的人发生疾病和伤害的风险更高。在旅行中饮酒的发生率为 73.8%，男性明显更高（p<0.01），且与车祸相关。最后，有 14.8%的人在旅行中需要医疗关注。结果表明，旅行医学教育和培训的重要性，这在委内瑞拉是一个相对较新的医学学科。委内瑞拉有大量的人前往有感染热带和非热带疾病风险的地区。偶尔，旅行者没有采取适当的预防措施和旅行前建议，这被认为是最重要的。
