School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Trends Cell Biol. 2010 May;20(5):244-56. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2010.01.008. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
Developmental processes are regulated by the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family of secreted molecules. BMPs bind to serine/threonine kinase receptors and signal through the canonical Smad pathway and other intracellular effectors. Integral to the control of BMPs is a diverse group of secreted BMP antagonists that bind to BMPs and prevent engagement with their cognate receptors. Tight temporospatial regulation of both BMP and BMP-antagonist expression provides an exquisite control system for developing tissues. Additional facets of BMP-antagonist biology, such as crosstalk with Wnt and Sonic hedgehog signaling during development, have been revealed in recent years. In addition, previously unappreciated roles for the BMP antagonists in kidney fibrosis and cancer have been elucidated. This review provides a description of BMP-antagonist biology, together with highlights of recent novel insights into the role of these antagonists in development, signal transduction and human disease.
发育过程受骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）家族分泌分子的调节。BMPs 与丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶受体结合，并通过经典的 Smad 途径和其他细胞内效应物信号转导。BMP 拮抗剂是调控 BMP 的重要组成部分，它是一组多样化的分泌型 BMP 拮抗剂，与 BMPs 结合并阻止与它们的同源受体结合。BMP 和 BMP 拮抗剂表达的时空调节对发育组织提供了一种精细的控制系统。近年来，BMP 拮抗剂生物学的其他方面，如在发育过程中与 Wnt 和 Sonic hedgehog 信号的相互作用，已经被揭示。此外，BMP 拮抗剂在肾脏纤维化和癌症中的先前未被认识的作用也已被阐明。本综述提供了对 BMP 拮抗剂生物学的描述，以及近年来这些拮抗剂在发育、信号转导和人类疾病中的作用的新见解的要点。
