Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, Research and Innovation Centre, Centre of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, University of Debrecen, H-4400 Nyíregyháza, P.O. Box 12, Hungary.
Biotechnol Adv. 2010 Jul-Aug;28(4):462-88. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.02.008. Epub 2010 Feb 25.
Micropropagation of apple has played an important role in the production of healthy, disease-free plants and in the rapid multiplication of scions and rootstocks with desirable traits. During the last few decades, in apple, many reliable methods have been developed for both rootstocks and scions from a practical, commercial point of view. Successful micropropagation of apple using pre-existing meristems (culture of apical buds or nodal segments) is influenced by several internal and external factors including ex vitro (e.g. genotype and physiological state) and in vitro conditions (e.g., media constituents and light). Specific requirements during stages of micropropagation, such as the establishment of in vitro cultures, shoot multiplication, rooting of microshoots and acclimatization are summarized in this review. New approaches for increasing shoot multiplication and rooting for apple and current use of micropropagated plantlets as tools in basic and applied research are also discussed.
苹果的微繁殖在生产健康、无病的植物以及快速繁殖具有理想特性的接穗和砧木方面发挥了重要作用。在过去的几十年中，从实际的商业角度来看，许多可靠的方法已经被开发用于苹果的砧木和接穗。使用现有的分生组织（培养顶芽或节间段）成功地进行苹果微繁殖受到多种内部和外部因素的影响，包括体外（例如基因型和生理状态）和体外条件（例如培养基成分和光照）。本文综述了微繁殖过程中的具体要求，例如建立体外培养、芽增殖、微芽生根和驯化。还讨论了增加苹果芽增殖和生根的新方法以及微繁殖苗在基础和应用研究中的当前用途。
