Sherafat-Kazemzadeh Roya, Egtesadi Shahryar, Mirmiran Parvin, Gohari Mahmoud, Farahani Sara Jalali, Esfahani Firoozeh Hosseini, Vafa Mohammad Reza, Hedayati Mehdi, Azizi Fereidoun
Nutrition Department, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19(1):22-32.
To examine the association between dietary patterns and obesity indices (BMI, WC, WHR) among Tehranian adults in a 6-year follow-up study.
Within frame of a cohort study in Tehran (mean follow up 6.6+/-0.9 years), 141 adults were recruited with: two 24 hour dietary recalls at the beginning, as well as obesity indices at the beginning and end of the study period. Dietary intakes were converted into grams of intakes of food items and categorized into 16 groups. Reduced rank regression analysis derived five patterns with total and polyunsaturated-to-saturated fat intake, cholesterol, fiber and calcium intake as response variables. Factors (dietary patterns) were generated retaining a corresponding factor loading > or = |0.17| on the food groups. Changes in obesity indices were scrutinized within quintiles of factor scores.
There were high loadings on refined carbohydrates, whole grain, starchy vegetables, other vegetables, red and refined meat, saturated/trans fat, and egg for the first factor named "traditional". All obesity indices had increasing trend across quintiles of pattern score. The fifth pattern (namely egg pattern) had high loading for eggs, salty snacks, as well as fruits and dry fruits, and negative loadings for red and processed meat, saturated and trans fat, plant oils, and dairy products. This pattern showed increasing trends for WC and WHR after adjustment for potential confounders. Other patterns showed non-significant trends for obesity indices.
The results were indicative of a traditional pattern which is dominated in the Tehran region and associated with increase in obesity indices.
在一项为期6年的随访研究中，探讨德黑兰成年人的饮食模式与肥胖指标（体重指数、腰围、腰臀比）之间的关联。
在德黑兰进行的一项队列研究框架内（平均随访6.6±0.9年），招募了141名成年人，他们在研究开始时进行了两次24小时饮食回忆，并在研究期开始和结束时测量了肥胖指标。饮食摄入量被换算为各类食物的摄入量克数，并分为16组。降秩回归分析以总脂肪、多不饱和脂肪与饱和脂肪摄入量、胆固醇、纤维和钙摄入量作为响应变量，得出了五种模式。通过保留食物组上相应因子载荷≥|0.17|来生成因子（饮食模式）。在因子得分的五分位数范围内仔细研究肥胖指标的变化。
第一个被命名为“传统”的因子在精制碳水化合物、全谷物、淀粉类蔬菜、其他蔬菜、红肉和精制肉、饱和/反式脂肪以及蛋类上有较高载荷。所有肥胖指标在模式得分的五分位数范围内均呈上升趋势。第五种模式（即蛋类模式）在蛋类、咸味零食以及水果和干果上有较高载荷，而在红肉和加工肉、饱和脂肪和反式脂肪、植物油以及乳制品上有负载荷。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，这种模式的腰围和腰臀比呈上升趋势。其他模式的肥胖指标变化趋势不显著。
结果表明，一种传统模式在德黑兰地区占主导地位，且与肥胖指标增加有关。
