Department of Radiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
Acad Radiol. 2010 Apr;17(4):410-7. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2010.01.006.
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the application of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as a contrast agent for a clinical x-ray computed tomography (CT) system using a phantom and juvenile swine.
A tissue-mimicking phantom with spherical inclusions containing known concentrations of Au was scanned. Swine were injected with gum Arabic stabilized Au nanoparticles (GA-AuNP), up to 85 mg kg(-1) body weight. CT scans were performed before and after the injections. Changes in Hounsfield unit (HU) values between pre- and post- injection scans were evaluated and compared to postmortem determinations of Au uptake. Average uptake of GA-AuNP in the liver of the swine was 380 microg per gram of liver and 680 microg per gram of spleen.
Concentrations of Au in tissues increased the CT numbers in liver by approximately 22 HU per mg Au concentration at 80 kVp and 27 HU per mg Au concentration at 140 kVp. These data were consistent with HU changes observed for similar concentrations in the phantom.
AuNP-based contrast agents may be useful in x-ray based CT. This study provides data for determining concentrations of AuNP in comparison to other contrast materials.
本研究旨在展示金纳米粒子（AuNP）作为临床 X 射线计算机断层扫描（CT）系统的对比剂的应用，使用了一个体模和幼年猪。
使用含有已知浓度 Au 的球形内含物的组织模拟体模进行扫描。将阿拉伯树胶稳定的 Au 纳米粒子（GA-AuNP）注射到猪体内，剂量高达 85mg/kg 体重。在注射前后进行 CT 扫描。评估并比较注射前后的体素值（Hounsfield unit，HU）变化与死后 Au 摄取的测定值。猪肝脏中 GA-AuNP 的平均摄取量为每克肝脏 380 微克，每克脾脏 680 微克。
在 80 kVp 时，组织中 Au 的浓度每增加 1mg Au 浓度，CT 数值增加约 22HU；在 140 kVp 时，CT 数值增加约 27HU。这些数据与体模中观察到的类似浓度的 HU 变化一致。
基于 AuNP 的对比剂可能在基于 X 射线的 CT 中有用。本研究提供了 AuNP 浓度与其他对比材料相比的数据。
