Gurling H M, Curtis D, Murray R M
Academic Department of Psychiatry, University College and Middlesex School of Medicine, Middlesex Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Br J Addict. 1991 Feb;86(2):151-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01765.x.
Twenty-five pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for either the alcohol dependence syndrome or heavy drinking were studied to determine the adverse cognitive effects of alcohol. The twins and their co-twins were well-matched for premorbid history and personality but twins with high alcohol consumption performed significantly less well overall on cognitive testing than their co-twins. Impaired performance in parts of the following tests was found: visual spatial ability, visual spatial recognition, Mill Hill vocabulary, Bexley Maudsley category sorting, tactual performance. The number of years of problem drinking correlated with inferior scores on subtests of the tactual performance test. This study provides further evidence that alcohol abuse produces long-term cognitive sequelae which may not be grossly evident in clinical practice, and which may occur even at relatively low levels of intake.
对25对在酒精依赖综合征或大量饮酒方面存在差异的同卵双胞胎进行了研究，以确定酒精对认知的不良影响。这些双胞胎及其同胞在病前病史和性格方面匹配良好，但饮酒量高的双胞胎在认知测试中的总体表现明显不如其同胞。在以下部分测试中发现表现受损：视觉空间能力、视觉空间识别、米尔希尔词汇、贝克斯利莫兹利分类、触觉表现。问题饮酒的年限与触觉表现测试子测试中的较低分数相关。这项研究进一步证明，酒精滥用会产生长期的认知后遗症，这些后遗症在临床实践中可能并不明显，甚至在相对较低的摄入量时也可能发生。
