School of Social Work, Tate-Turner-Kuralt Building, Campus Box 3550, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3550, USA.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2010 Mar;71(2):201-9. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2010.71.201.
Few studies have explored the topography of antisocial behavior in a nationally representative sample of inhalant users. We examined (a) the lifetime prevalence of 20 childhood and adult antisocial behaviors in inhalant users with inhalant-use disorders (IUD+) and without IUDs (IUD-); (b) the nature and strength of associations between inhalant use, IUDs, and specific antisocial behaviors in multivariate analyses; and (c) the relationships between inhalant use, IUDs, and antisocial behaviors in a national sample of adults with antisocial personality disorder.
The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions was a multistage national survey of 43,093 U.S. residents. Respondents completed a structured psychiatric interview.
IUD+ and IUD- respondents were significantly younger and more likely to be unemployed, to be male, to have never married, and to report family and personal histories of alcohol and drug problems than inhalant nonusers. Family histories of alcohol problems and personal histories of drug problems were significantly more prevalent among IUD+ respondents, compared with IUD- respondents. In bivariate analyses, IUD+ and IUD- respondents evidenced significantly higher lifetime levels of all childhood and adult antisocial behaviors than inhalant nonusers. IUD+ respondents were significantly more likely than their IUD- counterparts to report bullying behavior, starting physical fights, using dangerous weapons, physical cruelty to people, staying out all night without permission, running away, and frequent truancy in childhood, as well as greater deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability/aggressiveness, recklessness, and irresponsibility in adulthood. Multivariate analyses indicated that IUD+ respondents had a significantly elevated risk for childhood and adult antisocial behaviors, compared with inhalant nonusers, with the strongest effects for using dangerous weapons, physical cruelty to animals, and physical cruelty to people. Similarly, IUD+ respondents differed significantly from their IUD- counterparts primarily across measures of interpersonal violence. Among persons with antisocial personality disorder, inhalant use and IUDs were associated with greater antisocial behavior, albeit with fewer and weaker effects.
Respondents with IUDs had pervasively elevated levels of antisocial conduct, including diverse forms of early-onset and interpersonally violent behavior.
在全国吸入剂使用者的代表性样本中，很少有研究探讨反社会行为的分布情况。我们研究了：（a）有和无吸入剂使用障碍（IUD+和 IUD-）的吸入剂使用者一生中出现 20 种儿童和成人反社会行为的终生患病率；（b）在多变量分析中，吸入剂使用、IUD 与特定反社会行为之间的关联性质和强度；（c）在全国反社会人格障碍成人样本中，吸入剂使用、IUD 与反社会行为之间的关系。
国家酒精相关情况流行病学调查是一项对 43093 名美国居民进行的多阶段全国性调查。受访者完成了一项结构化的精神科访谈。
IUD+和 IUD-受访者比非吸入剂使用者年龄更小，更可能失业，更可能为男性，更可能未婚，更可能报告家庭和个人的酒精和药物问题史。与 IUD-受访者相比，IUD+受访者的家庭酒精问题史和个人药物问题史更为普遍。在双变量分析中，IUD+和 IUD-受访者的所有儿童和成人反社会行为终生水平明显高于非吸入剂使用者。IUD+受访者比他们的 IUD-对应者更有可能报告欺凌行为、挑起身体冲突、使用危险武器、对人实施身体虐待、未经允许整夜外出、离家出走和经常逃学，以及在成年期更具欺骗性、冲动性、易怒/攻击性、鲁莽和不负责任。多变量分析表明，与非吸入剂使用者相比，IUD+受访者发生儿童和成人反社会行为的风险显著升高，使用危险武器、对动物实施身体虐待和对人实施身体虐待的影响最强。同样，IUD+受访者与他们的 IUD-对应者主要在人际暴力的衡量指标上存在显著差异。在反社会人格障碍患者中，吸入剂使用和 IUD 与更多的反社会行为有关，尽管关联较少且强度较弱。
有 IUD 的受访者表现出普遍较高水平的反社会行为，包括各种形式的早期和人际暴力行为。
