Helander A, Curvall M
Department of Zoophysiology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1991 Feb;15(1):1-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1991.tb00510.x.
The aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH; EC 1.2.1.3) activity was determined in samples of whole blood and in isolated erythrocytes and leukocytes from users of Swedish moist snuff, cigarette smokers and non-tobacco-using controls. The mean whole blood ALDH activity of the smokers was reduced by 21% (p less than 0.001) when compared to the controls, while that of the snuff users was reduced by only 8% (not significant). Similar but somewhat less pronounced differences were obtained both in the assays with erythrocytes and leukocytes. In the cigarette smokers, the whole blood activity correlated significantly (r = -0.79, p less than 0.001) with the plasma concentration of cotinine, the major metabolite of nicotine, whereas no correlation was observed for the users of moist snuff. Similar plasma nicotine and cotinine levels were found in smokers and snuff users, which indicates that the reduced blood ALDH activity in smokers is not caused by nicotine or any of its metabolites, but more likely, by components formed during combustion of tobacco. Since a reduced blood ALDH activity has previously been suggested as an indicator of excessive alcohol consumption, the present results show that, in future studies on blood ALDH, the smoking habits should also be taken into account.
对瑞典湿鼻烟使用者、吸烟者以及不使用烟草的对照者的全血样本、分离出的红细胞和白细胞样本进行了乙醛脱氢酶（ALDH；EC 1.2.1.3）活性测定。与对照者相比，吸烟者的全血ALDH平均活性降低了21%（p<0.001），而鼻烟使用者的全血ALDH平均活性仅降低了8%（无统计学意义）。在红细胞和白细胞检测中也获得了类似但不太明显的差异。在吸烟者中，全血活性与尼古丁的主要代谢产物可替宁的血浆浓度显著相关（r = -0.79，p<0.001），而在湿鼻烟使用者中未观察到相关性。吸烟者和鼻烟使用者的血浆尼古丁和可替宁水平相似，这表明吸烟者血液中ALDH活性降低并非由尼古丁或其任何代谢产物引起，而更可能是由烟草燃烧过程中形成的成分所致。由于先前有人提出血液中ALDH活性降低是过量饮酒的一个指标，因此本研究结果表明，在未来关于血液ALDH的研究中，吸烟习惯也应予以考虑。
