Sangi H, Mueller W H
University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Houston 77225.
Am J Epidemiol. 1991 May 1;133(9):870-83. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115967.
Body fat distribution is a cardiovascular health risk factor in adults. The development of body fat distribution patterns in childhood remains to be explored and the appropriate index and relations of body fat distribution to cardiovascular risk factors in children is not clear. Data are available from the US Health Examination Survey (1966-1970), which included measurements of skinfold thickness, body and limb circumferences, biologic maturity, and risk factors (blood pressure, total cholesterol). Using canonical correlation analysis, the relation between sets of anthropometric variables and risk factors was explored, controlling for age, race, sex, and maturity stage. The relation of various body fat distribution and fatness indices used in adult studies to the risk factors was also explored using stepwise regression and partial correlation analyses. The first canonical correlations were significant between risk factors and both sets of anthropometric variables (skinfolds, 0.36-0.46; circumferences, 0.39-0.54). However, neither method revealed a clear cut pattern suggesting a role of centralized fatness. Rather, body fatness or size appeared to be the major correlate with risk factors in both races (black, white) and sexes and in each maturity status group. In the stepwise regression analysis, a body fatness or "size" variable (e.g., body mass index, hip circumference) invariably entered on step one. Only among the sexually mature did body fat distribution indices enter on the second step in a consistent manner. No one index seemed "better," although indices based on skinfold measures entered more often than the waist/hip ratio.
体脂分布是成人心血管健康的危险因素。儿童期体脂分布模式的发展仍有待探索，且儿童体脂分布与心血管危险因素之间的合适指标及关系尚不清楚。美国健康检查调查（1966 - 1970年）提供了相关数据，其中包括皮褶厚度、身体和肢体周长、生物成熟度以及危险因素（血压、总胆固醇）的测量值。运用典型相关分析，在控制年龄、种族、性别和成熟阶段的情况下，探索了人体测量变量集与危险因素之间的关系。还使用逐步回归和偏相关分析，探讨了成人研究中使用的各种体脂分布和肥胖指数与危险因素之间的关系。危险因素与两组人体测量变量（皮褶厚度，0.36 - 0.46；周长，0.39 - 0.54）之间的首个典型相关具有显著性。然而，两种方法均未揭示出表明中心性肥胖作用的清晰模式。相反，在两个种族（黑人、白人）、两种性别以及每个成熟状态组中，体脂含量或体型似乎是与危险因素的主要关联因素。在逐步回归分析中，一个体脂含量或“体型”变量（例如体重指数、臀围）总是在第一步进入。只有在性成熟者中，体脂分布指数才以一致的方式在第二步进入。尽管基于皮褶测量的指数比腰臀比更常进入，但似乎没有一个指数“更好”。
