Department of Psychology, Columbia University, Schermerhorn Hall, New York 10027, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2010 Apr;98(4):559-72. doi: 10.1037/a0018833.
What makes people's interest in doing an activity increase or decrease? Regulatory fit theory (E. T. Higgins, 2000) provides a new perspective on this classic issue by emphasizing the relation between people's activity orientation, such as thinking of an activity as fun, and the manner of activity engagement that the surrounding situation supports. These situational factors include whether a reward for good performance, expected (Study 1) or unexpected (Study 2), is experienced as enjoyable or as serious and whether the free-choice period that measures interest in the activity is experienced as enjoyable or as serious (Study 3). Studies 1-3 found that participants were more likely to do a fun activity again when these situational factors supported a manner of doing the activity that fit the fun orientation-a reward or free-choice period framed as enjoyable. This effect was not because interest in doing an activity again is simply greater in an enjoyable than a serious surrounding situation because it did not occur, and even reversed, when the activity orientation was important rather than fun, where now a serious manner of engagement provides the fit (Study 4a and 4b).
是什么让人们对某项活动的兴趣增加或减少？调节适配理论（E.T. Higgins，2000）通过强调人们的活动取向（如将活动视为乐趣）与周围环境支持的活动参与方式之间的关系，为这个经典问题提供了一个新的视角。这些情境因素包括，无论奖励是预期的（研究 1）还是意外的（研究 2），是被体验为愉快的还是严肃的，以及衡量对活动的兴趣的自由选择期是被体验为愉快的还是严肃的（研究 3）。研究 1-3 发现，当这些情境因素支持与乐趣取向相符的活动方式（将奖励或自由选择期设定为愉快的方式）时，参与者更有可能再次参与有趣的活动。这种效果并不是因为在愉快的环境中再次参与活动的兴趣比在严肃的环境中更大，因为当活动取向不重要而是乐趣时，这种效果不会出现，甚至会出现相反的情况，此时严肃的参与方式提供了适配（研究 4a 和 4b）。
