IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
J Psychosom Res. 2010 Apr;68(4):329-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.06.003. Epub 2009 Oct 2.
Acute and chronic pain is a common experience in children and youth. A thorough assessment is fundamental to understand this experience and to assess and monitor treatment responses. The intensity of pain is the parameter most commonly assessed. In this article, we describe the different methods employed to assess pediatric pain intensity and review well-validated and commonly used self-report measures of pain. This review is based on the recent systematic reviews conducted for the Pediatric Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials Consensus Group and the Society of Pediatric Psychology. Amongst the several types of pediatric pain measures, self-report, when available, is regarded as the primary source of information about pain intensity, to be complemented by observation and knowledge of the context. There is a large number of self-report measures of pediatric pain intensity; and there is some agreement that professionals in the clinical and research practice should assess pain intensity using the Pieces of Hurt Tool, the Faces Pain Scale, the Oucher, or Visual Analogue Scales because these measures have shown to have sound psychometric properties and clinical utility. Despite the increased number of age-appropriate self-report measures of pediatric pain intensity over the last years, we report several research gaps and priorities of future research.
急性和慢性疼痛是儿童和青少年常见的经历。彻底的评估对于理解这种经历以及评估和监测治疗反应至关重要。疼痛强度是最常评估的参数。在本文中，我们描述了评估儿童疼痛强度的不同方法，并回顾了经过良好验证和广泛使用的疼痛自评量表。这一综述基于儿科临床试验方法、测量和疼痛评估倡议共识组和儿童心理学学会最近进行的系统综述。在几种类型的儿科疼痛测量中，当可用时，自我报告被认为是疼痛强度的主要信息来源，需要结合观察和对背景的了解。有大量的儿童疼痛强度自评量表；并且有一些共识认为，临床和研究实践中的专业人员应该使用伤害工具量表、面部疼痛量表、Oucher 量表或视觉模拟量表来评估疼痛强度，因为这些量表具有良好的心理测量学特性和临床实用性。尽管近年来出现了越来越多适合儿童年龄的疼痛自评量表，但我们报告了一些研究差距和未来研究的重点。
