Effect of human recombinant erythropoietin on bleeding time, platelet number and function in children with end-stage renal disease maintained by haemodialysis.

We studied platelet number and function in nine anaemic children with end-stage renal disease during a clinical trial with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHu-EPO). All the children showed a correction in both haematocrit and haemoglobin levels which was followed by a significant reduction in bleeding time. We also observed a significant increase in platelet count after both 6 and 12 weeks of therapy; at the same time mean platelet volume decreased and a normal platelet mass was maintained. The mean baseline platelet aggregation response to ADP was normal, but was decreased to collagen (P less than 0.05 vs normal control). Platelet production of thromboxane B2 in serum was also lower than normal controls. After correction of anaemia with rHu-EPO, platelet aggregation improved in patients with a decreased baseline response, and mean levels of thromboxane B2 became normal. In conclusion, the treatment with rHu-EPO improved haemostatic balance not only by correcting anaemia, but also by increasing platelet count and function.