G.S.Davtyan Institute of Hydroponics Problems, National Academy of Sciences Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, 375082, Armenia.
Molecules. 2010 Mar 11;15(3):1668-78. doi: 10.3390/molecules15031668.
Investigations were carried out to determine antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and total phenol content of three wild species of Ephedra compared with their respective callus cultures. Callus induction was performed in a standard Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with the following hormonal ranges (mg/L) for every species NAA:1.5, Kin:1 for Ephedra strobiliacea, NAA:2, Kin:1 for Ephedra procera and NAA:2, Kin:0.5 for Ephedra pachyclada. These ranges of PGPR (Plant Growth Promote Regulators) were chosen based on callus induction rates, RGR (Relative Growth Rate) and their fresh weights. An antimicrobial test against five gram negative and two gram positive bacteria and two fungi was performed using the disc diffusion method. All methanolic extracts showed antimicrobial activity, but the antimicrobial activity of the callus cultures was lower than those of the wild plants. E. strobilacea showed the highest antimicrobial activity, and all methanolic extracts of the wild plants and callus cultures unexpectedly showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) test was conducted to evaluate extracts for antioxidant activity. E. strobilacea with 1.61 +/- 0.08 mmol eq quercetin/g extract and 0.278 +/- 0.02 mmol eq quercetin/g extract for the wild plant and callus, respectively, showed the highest results.The total phenol content of extracts was measured by a Folin Ciocalteau test. All the chosen species displayed phenol contents but E. strobilacea had the highest amount (504.9 +/- 41.51 micromol eq catechin/g extracts and 114.61 +/- 15.13 micromol eq catechin/g extracts for the wild plants and callus, respectively).
进行了研究，以确定三种麻黄属野生种与各自愈伤组织培养物相比的抗菌和抗氧化特性和总酚含量。在标准 Murashige 和 Skoog (MS) 培养基中进行愈伤组织诱导，每个物种的激素范围 (mg/L) 如下：麻黄 NAA:1.5、Kin:1，麻黄 procera NAA:2、Kin:1，麻黄 pachyclada NAA:2、Kin:0.5。这些 PGPR（植物生长促进调节剂）范围是基于愈伤组织诱导率、RGR（相对生长率）和鲜重选择的。使用圆盘扩散法对五种革兰氏阴性菌和两种革兰氏阳性菌以及两种真菌进行了抗菌测试。所有甲醇提取物均显示出抗菌活性，但愈伤组织培养物的抗菌活性低于野生植物。麻黄属 strobilacea 表现出最高的抗菌活性，所有野生植物和愈伤组织培养物的甲醇提取物出人意料地对铜绿假单胞菌表现出最高的抗菌活性。进行了 FRAP（铁还原抗氧化能力）测试，以评估提取物的抗氧化活性。麻黄属 strobilacea 的 1.61 +/- 0.08 mmol eq 槲皮素/g 提取物和 0.278 +/- 0.02 mmol eq 槲皮素/g 提取物分别显示出最高的结果。通过 Folin Ciocalteau 测试测量提取物的总酚含量。所有选定的物种都显示出酚含量，但麻黄属 strobilacea 的含量最高（野生植物和愈伤组织分别为 504.9 +/- 41.51 μmol eq 儿茶素/g 提取物和 114.61 +/- 15.13 μmol eq 儿茶素/g 提取物）。
