el-Maghraby O M, Bean G A, Jarvis B B, Aboul-Nasr M B
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Assiut, Sohag, Egypt.
Mycopathologia. 1991 Feb;113(2):109-15. doi: 10.1007/BF00442419.
Twenty seven isolates of Stachybotrys chartarum, S. albipes, S. kampalensis and S. microspora from Egypt and Eastern Europe were tested for production of macrocyclic trichothecenes. Twenty of the 27 isolates, grown on rice seeds, were toxic to brine shrimp larvae. Based on TLC and HPLC analyses, 5 macrocyclic trichothecenes (verrucarin J, roridin E, satratoxins F, G & H) as well as trichoverrols were identified. When grown in liquid culture on rice extract medium, only 3 isolates were toxic and produced verrucarin J, roridin E and satratoxins G & H. Extracts from mycelial mats were more toxic than culture filterates of two isolates grown on rice extract and both contained the same macrocyclic trichothecenes (285.5 mg/4 L), in addition to trichoverrols A & B (31 mg/4 L) found in mycelial mats only. When grown on 3% sucrose Czapek's medium supplemented with peptone and yeast extract (still cultures), all isolates were non-toxic to brine shrimp and no trichothecenes could be detected in the extracts.
对来自埃及和东欧的27株炭疽菌、白柄炭疽菌、坎帕炭疽菌和小孢炭疽菌进行了大环单端孢霉烯族毒素产生情况的检测。在稻种上生长的27株分离菌中有20株对卤虫幼虫有毒。基于薄层色谱（TLC）和高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析，鉴定出了5种大环单端孢霉烯族毒素（疣孢菌素J、孢镰菌素E、葡萄穗霉毒素F、G和H）以及单端孢霉醇。当在大米提取物培养基上进行液体培养时，只有3株分离菌有毒并产生了疣孢菌素J、孢镰菌素E和葡萄穗霉毒素G和H。菌丝垫提取物比在大米提取物上生长的两株分离菌的培养滤液毒性更强，二者都含有相同的大环单端孢霉烯族毒素（285.5毫克/4升），此外，仅在菌丝垫中发现了单端孢霉醇A和B（31毫克/4升）。当在添加了蛋白胨和酵母提取物的3%蔗糖察氏培养基上生长（静止培养）时，所有分离菌对卤虫均无毒，提取物中也未检测到单端孢霉烯族毒素。
