Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010 Nov;20(7):625-33. doi: 10.1038/jes.2010.13. Epub 2010 Mar 31.
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) are used extensively in personal care products, including fragrances (DEP) and nail polish (DnBP). Between May 2003 and July 2006, we gathered questionnaire data on the use of seven product categories (deodorant, perfume, hair spray, hair gel, nail polish/polish remover, liquid soap/body wash, and lotion/mist) over 48 h during the third trimester of pregnancy from 186 inner-city women. A 48-h personal air sample was collected and analyzed for DEP and DnBP; a maternal spot urine sample was collected and analyzed for their monoester metabolites, monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), respectively. In all, 97% of air samples and 84% of urine samples were collected within ±2 days of the questionnaire. During the 48 h, 41% of women reported perfume use and 10% reported nail polish/polish remover use. In adjusted analyses, no association was seen between nail product use and air DnBP or urine MnBP concentrations. Women reporting perfume use had 2.3 times higher (95% CI 1.6, 3.3) urinary MEP concentrations. Personal air DEP increased by 7% for each 25% increase in a composite indicator of the six other product categories (P<0.05), but was not associated with perfume use. Air DEP was correlated with urine MEP concentrations only among non-perfume users (r=0.51, P<0.001). Results suggest that perfume use is a significant source of DEP exposure.
邻苯二甲酸二乙酯 (DEP) 和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 (DnBP) 广泛应用于个人护理产品，包括香水 (DEP) 和指甲油 (DnBP)。在 2003 年 5 月至 2006 年 7 月期间，我们从 186 名城市内的孕妇那里收集了在怀孕第三个月的 48 小时内使用七种产品类别（除臭剂、香水、发喷雾、发胶、指甲油/指甲油去除剂、液体肥皂/沐浴露和乳液/喷雾）的数据。采集了 48 小时个人空气样本并进行了分析，以检测 DEP 和 DnBP；采集了孕妇尿斑样本并进行了分析，以分别检测它们的单酯代谢物单乙基邻苯二甲酸酯 (MEP) 和单丁基邻苯二甲酸酯 (MnBP)。总共，97%的空气样本和 84%的尿样是在问卷±2 天内采集的。在 48 小时内，41%的女性报告使用香水，10%的女性报告使用指甲油/指甲油去除剂。在调整后的分析中，未发现指甲油产品使用与空气 DnBP 或尿 MnBP 浓度之间存在关联。报告使用香水的女性尿中 MEP 浓度高出 2.3 倍（95%CI 1.6，3.3）。个人空气 DEP 每增加 25%，其他六种产品类别（P<0.05）的综合指标就会增加 7%，但与香水使用无关。空气 DEP 仅与非香水使用者的尿 MEP 浓度相关（r=0.51，P<0.001）。结果表明，香水使用是 DEP 暴露的一个重要来源。
