Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2012 Sep;22(5):468-75. doi: 10.1038/jes.2012.33. Epub 2012 Jul 4.
Human phthalate exposure is ubiquitous, but little is known regarding predictors of urinary phthalate levels. To explore this, 50 pregnant women aged 18-38 years completed two questionnaires on potential phthalate exposures and provided a first morning void. Urine samples were analyzed for 12 phthalate metabolites. Associations with questionnaire items were evaluated via Wilcoxon tests and t-tests, and r-squared values were calculated in multiple linear regression models. Few measured factors were statistically significantly associated with phthalate levels. Individuals who used nail polish had higher levels of mono-butyl phthalate (P=0.048) than non-users. Mono-benzyl phthalate levels were higher among women who used eye makeup (P=0.034) or used makeup on a regular basis (P=0.004). Women who used cologne or perfume had higher levels of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites. Household products, home flooring or paneling, and other personal care products were also associated with urinary phthalates. The proportion of variance in metabolite concentrations explained by questionnaire items ranged between 0.31 for mono-ethyl phthalate and 0.42 for mono-n-methyl phthalate. Although personal care product use may be an important predictor of urinary phthalate levels, most of the variability in phthalate exposure was not captured by our relatively comprehensive set of questionnaire items.
人体邻苯二甲酸酯暴露是普遍存在的，但对于尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯水平的预测因素知之甚少。为了探索这一点，50 名年龄在 18-38 岁的孕妇完成了两份关于潜在邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的问卷，并提供了第一次晨尿。尿液样本分析了 12 种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物。通过 Wilcoxon 检验和 t 检验评估与问卷项目的关联，并在多元线性回归模型中计算 r 平方值。很少有测量因素与邻苯二甲酸酯水平具有统计学显著相关性。使用指甲油的个体的单丁基邻苯二甲酸酯水平（P=0.048）高于非使用者。使用眼部化妆品（P=0.034）或定期使用化妆品的女性的单苄基邻苯二甲酸酯水平较高（P=0.004）。使用古龙水或香水的女性的二-（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物水平较高。家用产品、家庭地板或镶板以及其他个人护理产品也与尿液邻苯二甲酸酯有关。问卷项目解释代谢物浓度变化的比例范围为 0.31（单乙基邻苯二甲酸酯）至 0.42（单-n-甲基邻苯二甲酸酯）。尽管个人护理产品的使用可能是尿液邻苯二甲酸酯水平的重要预测因素，但我们相当全面的问卷项目并没有捕捉到邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的大部分变异性。
