果蝇唾液腺酶分泌的控制。
The control of enzyme secretion from fly salivary glands.
作者信息
Bay C M
出版信息
J Physiol. 1978 Jan;274:421-55. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012157.
Abstract
- Stimulation of fluid secretion from fly salivary glands by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is known to involve calcium and cyclic AMP. Isolated salivary glands were used to investigate the role of these second messengers in the control of enzyme (sucrase) secretion.2. The protein component of secretion from isolated glands treated with 5-HT appears to be identical to that of saliva secreted by flies during feeding.3. Stimulation of fluid secretion by 5-HT follows a definite dose-response curve, but there is no consistent relationship between the rate of enzyme secretion and the stimulating concentration of 5-HT.4. Exogenous cyclic AMP causes secretion of enzymes as well as of fluid, thus mimicking the action of 5-HT. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline enhances the rate of 5-HT-stimulated enzyme secretion.5. Removal of calcium from the bathing medium enhances enzyme secretion in response to 5 or 10 nM-5-HT but has no effect on enzyme secretion stimulated by 100 nM-5-HT or by cyclic AMP.6. Addition of 0.1 mM-lanthanum to medium containing 2 mM-calcium mimics the effect of calcium-free solution on 5-HT-stimulated enzyme secretion.7. The ionophore A 23187 causes secretion of both fluid and enzyme. The secretory rate is initially high but soon declines and ceases after about 40 min.8. Enzyme secretion in response to 5-HT or to cyclic AMP is progressively inhibited as the concentration of potassium is increased from 10 to 80 mM. Secretion in response to A 23187 is initially inhibited by 80 mM-potassium but then partially recovers.9. The rate of enzyme secretion appears to be affected by the intracellular concentrations of both calcium and cyclic AMP. It is possible that the rate of enzyme secretion increases as the intracellular calcium concentration rises, until the optimal calcium concentration is reached when further increase in the level of calcium progressively inhibits secretion. The optimal calcium concentration for enzyme secretion is lower than that for fluid secretion, and 5-HT normally causes maximal fluid secretion and submaximal enzyme secretion.
摘要
已知5-羟色胺（5-HT）刺激果蝇唾液腺分泌液体涉及钙和环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）。使用分离的唾液腺来研究这些第二信使在控制酶（蔗糖酶）分泌中的作用。
用5-HT处理的分离腺体分泌的蛋白质成分似乎与果蝇进食时分泌的唾液中的蛋白质成分相同。
5-HT刺激液体分泌遵循明确的剂量反应曲线，但酶分泌速率与5-HT刺激浓度之间没有一致的关系。
外源性环磷酸腺苷会导致酶和液体的分泌，从而模拟5-HT的作用。磷酸二酯酶抑制剂茶碱可提高5-HT刺激的酶分泌速率。
从浴液中去除钙可增强对5或10 nM - 5-HT的酶分泌反应，但对100 nM - 5-HT或环磷酸腺苷刺激的酶分泌没有影响。
向含有2 mM钙的培养基中添加0.1 mM镧可模拟无钙溶液对5-HT刺激的酶分泌的影响。
离子载体A 23187会导致液体和酶的分泌。分泌速率最初很高，但很快下降，并在约40分钟后停止。
随着钾浓度从10 mM增加到80 mM，对5-HT或环磷酸腺苷的酶分泌反应会逐渐受到抑制。对A 23187的分泌最初会被80 mM钾抑制，但随后会部分恢复。
酶分泌速率似乎受细胞内钙和环磷酸腺苷浓度的影响。随着细胞内钙浓度升高，酶分泌速率可能会增加，直到达到最佳钙浓度，此时钙水平的进一步升高会逐渐抑制分泌。酶分泌的最佳钙浓度低于液体分泌的最佳钙浓度，并且5-HT通常会导致最大液体分泌和次最大酶分泌。
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