高密度脂蛋白对内皮细胞一氧化氮合成的抗动脉粥样硬化作用。

Anti-atherogenic effects of high-density lipoprotein on nitric oxide synthesis in the endothelium.

Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2010 Jul;37(7):736-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05387.x. Epub 2010 Mar 30.

Abstract

The endothelium is critical in the control of vascular haemodynamics and haemostasis. Endothelial dysfunction, typically characterized by decreased nitric oxide bioavailability and response to endothelium-dependent agonists, is well accepted as a defining characteristic of early atherosclerosis. 2. Numerous epidemiological studies have reported that increased levels of circulating HDL are vasculoprotective and reduce the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events. Traditionally, these effects have been attributed to the ability of HDL to remove cholesterol from cells via reverse cholesterol transport. However, there is increasing evidence that the beneficial effects on the endothelium by HDL encompass its anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and anti-oxidative properties, which include the release of nitric oxide (NO). 3. This review highlights recent findings on the importance of HDL in reducing atherosclerotic risk. We focus on the beneficial effects of HDL-induced NO release and how this relates to endothelial dysfunction and on the effect of HDL on vascular repair via endothelial progenitor cells.

摘要

内皮细胞在控制血管血液动力学和止血方面至关重要。内皮功能障碍，通常表现为一氧化氮生物利用度降低和对内皮依赖性激动剂的反应性降低，被认为是早期动脉粥样硬化的特征之一。
许多流行病学研究报告称，循环高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平升高具有血管保护作用，并降低不良心血管事件的发生率。传统上，这些作用归因于 HDL 通过逆向胆固醇转运从细胞中去除胆固醇的能力。然而，越来越多的证据表明，HDL 对内皮的有益作用包括其抗炎、抗血栓和抗氧化特性，其中包括一氧化氮（NO）的释放。
本文综述了 HDL 在降低动脉粥样硬化风险方面的重要性的最新发现。我们重点介绍了 HDL 诱导的 NO 释放的有益作用，以及它与内皮功能障碍的关系，以及 HDL 通过内皮祖细胞对血管修复的作用。