Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Mar Drugs. 2010 Feb 23;8(2):313-46. doi: 10.3390/md8020313.
Marine ecosystems (>70% of the planet's surface) comprise a continuous resource of immeasurable biological activities and immense chemical entities. This diversity has provided a unique source of chemical compounds with potential bioactivities that could lead to potential new drug candidates. Many marine-living organisms are soft bodied and/or sessile. Consequently, they have developed toxic secondary metabolites or obtained them from microorganisms to defend themselves against predators [1]. For the last 30-40 years, marine invertebrates have been an attractive research topic for scientists all over the world. A relatively small number of marine plants, animals and microbes have yielded more than 15,000 natural products including numerous compounds with potential pharmaceutical potential. Some of these have already been launched on the pharmaceutical market such as Prialt (ziconotide; potent analgesic) and Yondelis (trabectedin or ET-743; antitumor) while others have entered clinical trials, e.g., alpidin and kahalalide F. Amongst the vast array of marine natural products, the terpenoids are one of the more commonly reported and discovered to date. Sesterterpenoids (C(25)) and triterpenoids (C(30)) are of frequent occurrence, particularly in marine sponges, and they show prominent bioactivities. In this review, we survey sesterterpenoids and triterpenoids obtained from marine sponges and highlight their bioactivities.
海洋生态系统（占地球表面的 70%以上）包含了无数生物活动和大量化学物质的连续资源。这种多样性为具有潜在生物活性的化合物提供了独特的来源，这些化合物可能成为潜在的新药候选物。许多海洋生物是软躯体生物和/或固着生物。因此，它们产生了有毒的次生代谢物，或从微生物中获得这些物质，以抵御捕食者[1]。在过去的 30-40 年中，海洋无脊椎动物一直是全世界科学家的热门研究课题。为数相对较少的海洋植物、动物和微生物已经产生了超过 15000 种天然产物，其中包括许多具有潜在药用潜力的化合物。其中一些已经在药物市场上推出，如 Prialt（佐米曲坦；强效镇痛药）和 Yondelis（埃博霉素或 ET-743；抗肿瘤药），而其他一些已经进入临床试验，如 alpidin 和 kahalalide F。在大量的海洋天然产物中，萜类化合物是迄今为止报道和发现较多的一类。倍半萜（C(25)) 和三萜（C(30)) 是常见的萜类化合物，尤其是在海洋海绵中，它们表现出显著的生物活性。在这篇综述中，我们调查了从海洋海绵中获得的倍半萜和三萜，并强调了它们的生物活性。
