Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(1):134-41. doi: 10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60084-x.
Fungicides have been used extensively for controlling fungal pathogens of plants. However, little is known regarding the effects that fungicides upon the indigenous bacterial communities within the plant phyllosphere. The aims of this study were to assess the impact of fungicide enostroburin upon bacterial communities in wheat phyllosphere. Culture-independent methodologies of 16S rDNA clone library and 16S rDNA directed polymerase chain reaction with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) were used for monitoring the change of bacterial community. The 16S rDNA clone library and PCR-DGGE analysis both confirmed the microbial community of wheat plant phyllosphere were predominantly of the gamma-Proteobacteria phyla. Results from PCR-DGGE analysis indicated a significant change in bacterial community structure within the phyllosphere following fungicide enostroburin application. Bands sequenced within control cultures were predominantly of Pseudomonas genus, but those bands sequenced in the treated samples were predominantly strains of Pantoea genus and Pseudomonas genus. Of interest was the appearance of two DGGE bands following fungicide treatment, one of which had sequence similarities (98%) to Pantoea sp. which might be a competitor of plant pathogens. This study revealed the wheat phyllosphere bacterial community composition and a shift in the bacterial community following fungicide enostroburin application.
杀菌剂被广泛用于防治植物病原菌。然而，对于杀菌剂对植物叶际固有细菌群落的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估杀菌剂烯肟菌酯对小麦叶际细菌群落的影响。本研究采用 16S rDNA 克隆文库和 16S rDNA 指导的变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）聚合酶链反应等非培养方法监测细菌群落的变化。16S rDNA 克隆文库和 PCR-DGGE 分析均证实，小麦叶际微生物群落主要属于γ-变形菌门。PCR-DGGE 分析结果表明，杀菌剂烯肟菌酯处理后叶际细菌群落结构发生显著变化。对照培养物中测序的条带主要为假单胞菌属，但处理样品中测序的条带主要为泛菌属和假单胞菌属的菌株。有趣的是，杀菌剂处理后出现了两条 DGGE 条带，其中一条与泛菌属（Pantoea sp.）的序列相似性（98%）较高，可能是植物病原菌的竞争者。本研究揭示了小麦叶际细菌群落组成以及杀菌剂烯肟菌酯处理后细菌群落的变化。
