Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Overlege Danielsens Hus, Arstadveien 21, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
BMC Pulm Med. 2010 Apr 14;10:19. doi: 10.1186/1471-2466-10-19.
Few studies have been carried out on acute effects of cement dust exposure. This study is conducted to investigate the associations between current "total" dust exposure and acute respiratory symptoms and respiratory function among cement factory workers.
A combined cross-sectional and cross-shift study was conducted in Dire Dawa cement factory in Ethiopia. 40 exposed production workers from the crusher and packing sections and 20 controls from the guards were included. Personal "total" dust was measured in the workers' breathing zone and peak expiratory flow (PEF) was measured for all selected workers before and after the shift. When the day shift ended, the acute respiratory symptoms experienced were scored and recorded on a five-point Likert scale using a modified respiratory symptom score questionnaire.
The highest geometric mean dust exposure was found in the crusher section (38.6 mg/m3) followed by the packing section (18.5 mg/m3) and the guards (0.4 mg/m3). The highest prevalence of respiratory symptoms for the high exposed workers was stuffy nose (85%) followed by shortness of breath (47%) and "sneezing" (45%). PEF decreased significantly across the shift in the high exposed group. Multiple linear regression showed a significant negative association between the percentage cross-shift change in PEF and total dust exposure. The number of years of work in high-exposure sections and current smoking were also associated with cross-shift decrease in PEF.
Total cement dust exposure was related to acute respiratory symptoms and acute ventilatory effects. Implementing measures to control dust and providing adequate personal respiratory protective equipment for the production workers are highly recommended.
很少有研究针对水泥粉尘暴露的急性影响开展。本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚 Dire Dawa 水泥厂工人当前“总”粉尘暴露与急性呼吸道症状和呼吸功能之间的关联。
在埃塞俄比亚 Dire Dawa 水泥厂开展了一项联合的横断面和交叉班次研究。纳入了来自破碎机和包装车间的 40 名暴露于生产粉尘的工人和 20 名来自警卫岗位的对照者。在工人的呼吸区测量个人“总”粉尘，在所有选定的工人轮班前和轮班后测量呼气峰值流量（PEF）。当日班结束时，使用改良的呼吸症状评分问卷，按照五点李克特量表对经历的急性呼吸道症状进行评分和记录。
破碎机车间的粉尘暴露几何均数最高（38.6mg/m3），其次是包装车间（18.5mg/m3）和警卫岗位（0.4mg/m3）。高暴露工人中最常见的呼吸道症状是鼻塞（85%），其次是呼吸急促（47%）和打喷嚏（45%）。PEF 在高暴露组中整个轮班显著下降。多元线性回归显示，PEF 交叉班次变化百分比与总粉尘暴露呈显著负相关。高暴露车间的工作年限和当前吸烟情况也与 PEF 的交叉班次下降有关。
总水泥粉尘暴露与急性呼吸道症状和急性通气效应有关。建议为生产工人实施控制粉尘的措施，并提供充足的个人呼吸防护设备。
