Laboratory of Insecticides of Public Health Importance, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 S. Delta str. 14561 Kifissia, Athens, Greece.
Parasitol Res. 2010 Jul;107(2):327-35. doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-1865-3. Epub 2010 Apr 20.
The volatile metabolites of wild-growing Mentha spicata, M. longifolia, M. suaveolens, Melissa officinalis, Salvia fruticosa, S. pomifera subsp. calycina, and S. pomifera subsp. pomifera from Greece were determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The insecticidal properties of the analyzed essential oils were screened on Culex pipiens larvae. Additionally two of the main components of the essential oils, piperitenone oxide and 1,8-cineole were assayed against C. pipiens in order to define the affiliation between them and the larvicidal properties of the oils. The most effective oils were M. suaveolens (major constituent piperitenone oxide, 62.4%), M. spicata (piperitenone oxide, 35.7% and 1,8-cineole, 14.5%) and M. longifolia--Central Greece (piperitenone oxide, 33.4%; 1,8-cineole, 24.5% and trans-piperitone epoxide, 17.4%), which exhibited LC(50) values ranging from 47.88 to 59.33 mg l(-1). Medium activity revealed the oils of M. officinalis (terpin-4-ol, 15.8%; caryophyllene oxide, 13.2%; sabinene, 12.9%; beta-pinene, 12.1%; and trans-caryophyllene, 10.2%), M. longifolia--Southern Greece (carvone, 54.7% and limonene 20.0%), S. pomifera subsp. pomifera (trans-caryophyllene, 22.5% and trans-thujone, 21.0%), S. pomifera subsp. calycina--West Southern Greece (trans-thujone, 56.1% and 1,8-cineole, 10.4%), and S. fruticosa--population 2 (camphor, 23.1%; alpha-pinene, 12.7%; and borneol, 12.6%), with LC(50) values ranging from 78.28 to 91.45 mg l(-1). S. pomifera subsp. calycina (Central Greece) essential oil (trans-thujone, 26.5% and cis-thujone, 12.0%) presented rather low activity (LC(50) values 140.42 mg l(-1)), while S. fruticosa--population 1 (1,8-cineole, 31.4% and camphor, 22.6%) was the only inactive oil. Additionally, the constituent piperitenone oxide was found to be highly active (LC(50) values 9.95 mg l(-1)), whereas 1,8-cineole revealed no toxicity.
从希腊野生生长的薄荷、长叶薄荷、香蜂草、马郁兰、迷迭香、匍匐迷迭香和普通迷迭香中通过气相色谱法和气相色谱-质谱法确定了挥发性代谢物。分析精油的杀虫性质在库蚊幼虫上进行了筛选。此外，为了确定它们与精油的杀虫特性之间的关系，还对两种主要成分——胡椒酮氧化物和 1,8-桉叶油醇进行了测试。最有效的油是香蜂草（主要成分胡椒酮氧化物，62.4%）、薄荷（胡椒酮氧化物，35.7%和 1,8-桉叶油醇，14.5%）和长叶薄荷——希腊中部（胡椒酮氧化物，33.4%；1,8-桉叶油醇，24.5%和反式-胡椒酮环氧化物，17.4%），其 LC（50）值范围为 47.88 至 59.33 mg l（-1）。中等活性显示出马郁兰（萜品-4-醇，15.8%；石竹烯氧化物，13.2%；柠檬烯，12.9%；β-蒎烯，12.1%和反式石竹烯，10.2%）、长叶薄荷——希腊南部（香芹酮，54.7%和柠檬烯 20.0%）、匍匐迷迭香亚种 pomifera（反式石竹烯，22.5%和反式侧柏酮，21.0%）、匍匐迷迭香亚种 calycina——希腊西南部（反式侧柏酮，56.1%和 1,8-桉叶油醇，10.4%）和迷迭香——种群 2（樟脑，23.1%；α-蒎烯，12.7%和龙脑，12.6%），LC（50）值范围为 78.28 至 91.45 mg l（-1）。匍匐迷迭香亚种 calycina（希腊中部）精油（反式侧柏酮，26.5%和顺式侧柏酮，12.0%）表现出相当低的活性（LC（50）值 140.42 mg l（-1）），而迷迭香——种群 1（1,8-桉叶油醇，31.4%和樟脑，22.6%）是唯一不活跃的油。此外，发现胡椒酮氧化物具有高度活性（LC（50）值 9.95 mg l（-1）），而 1,8-桉叶油醇则没有毒性。
