Human Performance Laboratory, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA.
J Occup Environ Hyg. 2010 Jul;7(7):389-96. doi: 10.1080/15459621003785554.
This study tested the effectiveness of a carbon dioxide cooling device in reducing heat strain for workers in a hot and humid environment. Ten participants completed two trials in an environment of 30 degrees C WBGT (75% relative humidity) with a novel liquid carbon dioxide cooling shirt (CC) or no cooling (NC) in a randomized order. Mean time-weighted workload for each individual equaled 465 W (400 Kcals. h(-1)). In the CC condition, the work time was significantly increased by 32% (97 +/- 36 min) compared with NC (74 +/- 26 min) (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in mean skin temperature over the trials. Rectal temperature (T(re)) was significantly different after 50 min (p < 0.05). Mean heart rate, the delta T(re) increase rate, and heat storage at 55 min (last point with n = 8) were significantly lower in CC (p < 0.05). Overall heat storage was 54 +/- 41 W and 72 +/- 40 W for CC and NC, respectively (p < 0.05). Participants also indicated favorable subjective responses for CC vs. NC (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that this novel cooling device would effectively attenuate heat strain and increase work productivity for personnel working in a hot and humid environment. Practical aspects of use such as cost, convenience, weight, cooling duration, and rise in ambient CO(2) concentration in confined spaces must also be considered.
本研究旨在测试一种二氧化碳冷却装置在减少湿热环境下工人热应激的效果。10 名参与者在 30°C WBGT（75%相对湿度）的环境中，以随机顺序先后穿着新型液体二氧化碳冷却衬衫（CC）或不穿冷却装备（NC）完成两项试验。每位个体的平均时间加权工作量为 465 W（400 千卡.h(-1)）。在 CC 条件下，工作时间比 NC 条件显著增加 32%（97 +/- 36 min 比 74 +/- 26 min）（p < 0.05）。试验过程中平均皮肤温度无显著差异。直肠温度（T(re)）在 50 分钟后有显著差异（p < 0.05）。平均心率、T(re)升高率的增量和 55 分钟时的热量储存（最后一点 n = 8）在 CC 条件下显著较低（p < 0.05）。CC 和 NC 的总热量储存分别为 54 +/- 41 W 和 72 +/- 40 W（p < 0.05）。参与者还表示，CC 比 NC 的主观反应更好（p < 0.05）。这些发现表明，这种新型冷却装置可有效减轻热应激，提高在湿热环境下工作的人员的工作效率。使用的实际方面，如成本、便利性、重量、冷却持续时间和封闭空间中 CO(2)浓度的升高，也必须考虑。
