Lindheimer Marshall D, Taler Sandra J, Cunningham F Gary
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Am Soc Hypertens. 2008 Nov-Dec;2(6):484-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2008.10.001.
Hypertension complicates 5% to 7% of all pregnancies. A subset of preeclampsia, characterized by new-onset hypertension, proteinuria, and multisystem involvement, is responsible for substantial maternal and fetal morbidity and is a marker for future cardiac and metabolic disease. This American Society of Hypertension (ASH) position paper summarizes the clinical spectrum of hypertension in pregnancy, focusing on preeclampsia. Recent research breakthroughs relating to etiology are briefly reviewed. Topics include classification of the different forms of hypertension during pregnancy, and status of the tests available to predict preeclampsia, and strategies to prevent preeclampsia and to manage this serious disease. The use of antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy, and the prevention and treatment of the convulsive phase of preeclampsia, eclampsia, with intravenous MgSO(4) is also highlighted. Of special note, this guideline article, specifically requested, reviewed, and accepted by ASH, includes solicited review advice from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
高血压在所有妊娠中占比5%至7%。先兆子痫的一个亚组，其特征为新发高血压、蛋白尿和多系统受累，是孕产妇和胎儿发病的重要原因，也是未来心脏和代谢疾病的一个标志。本美国高血压学会（ASH）立场文件总结了妊娠期高血压的临床范围，重点关注先兆子痫。简要回顾了近期病因学方面的研究突破。主题包括妊娠期不同形式高血压的分类、预测先兆子痫的现有检测方法的现状、预防先兆子痫和管理这种严重疾病的策略。还强调了妊娠期抗高血压药物的使用以及用静脉注射硫酸镁预防和治疗先兆子痫、子痫惊厥期的方法。特别要指出的是，这篇指南文章是应ASH特别要求进行审查并被接受的，其中包括征求自美国妇产科医师学会的审查建议。
