Harding David J
Department of Sociology, University of Michigan.
Int J Conf Violence. 2008 Jan 1;2(1):28-55.
This paper investigates the social consequences of neighborhood violence. Using ego-centered friendship network data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a survey of adolescents in the United States in the mid-1990s, it examines the relationship between neighborhood violence and the quantity, closeness, and composition of adolescent same-sex friendships. Though neighborhood violence is unrelated to quantity and closeness net of individual and family characteristics, it predicts boys' friendships with individuals who no longer attend school (who are presumably older or have dropped out of school) and predicts boys' and girls' friendships with individuals who attend other schools. These results are consistent with the theory that violence and fear of victimization focus adolescents' social attention on their neighborhoods and lead them to develop friendships with individuals who can help them to stay safe. By structuring who adolescents interact with, neighborhood violence may play a role in determining the cultural messages and ideals to which they are exposed.
本文研究邻里暴力的社会后果。利用来自“青少年健康全国纵向研究”以自我为中心的友谊网络数据（该研究是对20世纪90年代中期美国青少年的一项调查），考察邻里暴力与青少年同性友谊的数量、亲密度及构成之间的关系。尽管邻里暴力与个体及家庭特征之外的友谊数量和亲密度无关，但它预示着男孩与不再上学的人（大概年龄较大或已辍学）建立友谊，也预示着男孩和女孩与在其他学校上学的人建立友谊。这些结果与以下理论相符：暴力及对受害的恐惧使青少年的社会注意力集中在他们的邻里社区，并促使他们与能帮助自己保持安全的人建立友谊。通过构建青少年的互动对象，邻里暴力可能在决定他们接触到的文化信息和理想方面发挥作用。
