Laboratoire de Photonique et Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2010 Jun;21(3):298-310. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 1.
Using sun as the energy source, natural photosynthesis carries out a number of useful reactions such as oxidation of water to molecular oxygen and fixation of CO(2) in the form of sugars. These are achieved through a series of light-induced multi-electron-transfer reactions involving chlorophylls in a special arrangement and several other species including specific enzymes. Artificial photosynthesis attempts to reconstruct these key processes in simpler model systems such that solar energy and abundant natural resources can be used to generate high energy fuels and restrict the amount of CO(2) in the atmosphere. Details of few model catalytic systems that lead to clean oxidation of water to H(2) and O(2), photoelectrochemical solar cells for the direct conversion of sunlight to electricity, solar cells for total decomposition of water and catalytic systems for fixation of CO(2) to fuels such as methanol and methane are reviewed here.
利用太阳作为能源，自然光合作用进行了一些有用的反应，如氧化水为分子氧和固定 CO(2)的形式的糖。这些都是通过一系列的光诱导多电子转移反应涉及叶绿素在一个特殊的安排和其他几种物质包括特定的酶。人工光合作用试图重建这些关键过程在更简单的模型系统，使太阳能和丰富的自然资源可以用来产生高能量燃料，并限制在大气中的 CO(2)的量。几个模型催化系统，导致清洁氧化水到 H(2)和 O(2)，光电化学太阳能电池的直接转化为电能的阳光，太阳能电池的水的总分解和催化系统固定 CO(2)的甲醇和甲烷等燃料的细节在这里进行了综述。
