Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Feb;25(2):441-52. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b62be3.
The aims of this study were to determine the effects of (a) plyometric training on explosive strength indicators in adolescent male basketball players and (b) detraining and reduced training on previously achieved explosive strength gains. Two groups were formed: an experimental and a control group. The former was submitted to a 10-week in-season plyometric training program, twice weekly, along with regular basketball practice. Simultaneously, the control group participated in regular basketball practice only. At the end of this period, the experimental group was subdivided into 2 groups: a reduced training group and a detraining group. All participants were assessed on squat jump, countermovement jump, Abalakov test, depth jump, mechanical power, and medicine ball throw at the beginning and at the end of the 10-week in-season plyometric training and on weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16 of the in-season detraining and reduced training periods. In the first phase of the study, the experimental group significantly increased all the assessed indicators (p < 0.05). In the following phase and in general all the groups maintained the previously achieved results. In conclusion, plyometric training showed positive effects on upper- and lower-body explosive strength in adolescent male basketball players. Moreover, we can state that both detraining and a reduced training program indistinctly contribute to maintenance of strength levels. These results highlight the unique power that basketball-specific training seems to have on the sustainability and maintenance of sport performance.
（a） 增强式训练对青少年男性篮球运动员爆发力指标的影响；（b） 停训和减少训练对之前获得的爆发力增益的影响。形成了两个组：实验组和对照组。前者接受了为期 10 周的赛季内增强式训练计划，每周两次，同时进行常规的篮球训练。同时，对照组仅参加常规的篮球训练。在这个时期结束时，实验组被分为两个小组：减少训练组和停训组。所有参与者在赛季内增强式训练的 10 周开始和结束时以及在赛季内停训和减少训练的第 4、8、12 和 16 周进行了深蹲跳、反向跳、Abalakov 测试、深跳、机械功率和药球投掷测试。在研究的第一阶段，实验组所有评估指标均显著增加（p < 0.05）。在随后的阶段和总体上，所有组都保持了之前的结果。总之，增强式训练对青少年男性篮球运动员的上下肢爆发力都有积极的影响。此外，我们可以说，停训和减少训练计划都有助于保持力量水平。这些结果突出了篮球专项训练在运动表现的可持续性和维持方面的独特力量。
