Mikrobiologie, Fakultät Biologie, Universität Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 Jun;8(6):447-60. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2365. Epub 2010 May 10.
The acquisition of cellular carbon from inorganic carbon is a prerequisite for life and marked the transition from the inorganic to the organic world. Recent theories of the origins of life assume that chemo-evolution took place in a hot volcanic flow setting through a transition metal-catalysed, autocatalytic carbon fixation cycle. Many archaea live in volcanic habitats under such constraints, in high temperatures with only inorganic substances and often under anoxic conditions. In this Review, we describe the diverse carbon fixation mechanisms that are found in archaea. These reactions differ fundamentally from those of the well-known Calvin cycle, and their distribution mirrors the phylogenetic positions of the archaeal lineages and the needs of the ecological niches that they occupy.
从无机碳中获取细胞碳是生命的前提，标志着从无机世界向有机世界的转变。生命起源的最近理论假设，化学生态进化发生在一个热的火山流环境中，通过一个过渡金属催化的、自催化的碳固定循环。许多古菌在这样的限制条件下生活在火山栖息地，在高温下只有无机物，而且常常在缺氧条件下。在这篇综述中，我们描述了在古菌中发现的各种碳固定机制。这些反应与著名的卡尔文循环有根本的不同，它们的分布反映了古菌谱系的系统发育位置和它们所占据的生态位的需求。
