Oliveira Janaina Michelle de, Fernandes Ana Claudia, Dorval Maria Elizabeth Cavalheiros, Alves Túlia Peixoto, Fernandes Thiago Dias, Oshiro Elisa Teruya, Oliveira Ana Lúcia Lyrio de
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2010 Mar-Apr;43(2):188-93. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822010000200016.
Visceral leishmaniasis is a systemic infectious disease of broad geographical distribution, characterized by high potential for lethality. With the purpose of contributing towards reducing mortality and helping healthcare professionals in clinical management of patients with this disease, this paper aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of cases with a fatal outcome in hospitals in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, between 2003 and 2008.
Fifty-five medical files on patients who died due to visceral leishmaniasis were analyzed.
Among the 55 patients studied, 37 were from the municipality of Campo Grande; 41 (74.5%) were males; and age over 40 years predominated. The patients presented with fever in 89.1% of the cases. The duration of the illness from the onset of symptoms to hospitalization was 78.2 days on average. Leukopenia was seen in 85.5% of the patients. Comorbidities were present in 39 (70.9%) patients; malnutrition and alcoholism were the most frequent of these. Confirmation of the diagnosis occurred on average 6.7 days after admission. Pentavalent antimoniate was the drug most used, and 87.5% of the patients presented some type of adverse reaction. Bacterial infections occurred in 36 patients and were one of the causes of death in 27 (49%).
The data showed that early identification of these clinical and laboratory characteristics, at the time when patients are first attended, is extremely important for reducing mortality through instituting efficient therapeutic and prophylactic measures.
内脏利什曼病是一种广泛分布于世界各地的全身性传染病，具有较高的致死率。为了有助于降低死亡率，并帮助医护人员对该病患者进行临床管理，本文旨在调查2003年至2008年期间南马托格罗索州大坎普市医院中出现致命结局的病例的临床和实验室特征。
分析了55例因内脏利什曼病死亡患者的病历。
在研究的55例患者中，37例来自大坎普市；41例（74.5%）为男性；40岁以上患者居多。89.1%的病例出现发热症状。从症状出现到住院的平均病程为78.2天。85.5%的患者出现白细胞减少。39例（70.9%）患者存在合并症；其中营养不良和酗酒最为常见。确诊平均在入院后6.7天。五价锑剂是最常用的药物，87.5%的患者出现了某种不良反应。36例患者发生细菌感染，其中27例（49%）是死亡原因之一。
数据表明，在患者首次就诊时尽早识别这些临床和实验室特征，对于通过采取有效的治疗和预防措施降低死亡率极为重要。
