Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2010 May-Jun;24(5):354-61. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.080603-QUAN-81.
Identify an efficient method of creating a comprehensive and concise measure of the built environment integrating data from geographic information systems (GIS) and the Senior Walking Environmental Assessment Tool (SWEAT).
Cross-sectional study using a population sample.
Eight MUNICIPALLY defined neighborhoods in Portland, Oregon.
Adult residents (N = 120) of audited segments (N = 363).
We described built environmental features using SWEAT audits and GIS data. We obtained information on walking behaviors and potential confounders through in-person interviews.
We created two sets of environmental measures, one based on the conceptual framework used to develop SWEAT and another using principal component analysis (PCA). Each measure's association with walking for transportation and exercise was then assessed and compared using logistic regression.
A priori measures (destinations, safety, aesthetics, and functionality) and PCA measures (accessibility, comfort/safety, maintenance, and pleasantness) were analogous in conceptual meaning and had similar associations with walking. Walking for transportation was associated with destination accessibility and functional elements, whereas walking for exercise was associated with maintenance of the walking area and protection from traffic. However, only PCA measures consistently reached statistical significance.
The measures created with PCA were more parsimonious than those created a priori. Performing PCA is an efficient method of combining and scoring SWEAT and GIS data.
确定一种高效的方法来创建一个综合而简洁的建筑环境衡量标准，该标准整合了地理信息系统（GIS）和老年人步行环境评估工具（SWEAT）的数据。
使用人口样本进行的横断面研究。
俄勒冈州波特兰市的 8 个市定义的社区。
经审核地段的成年居民（N=120）（N=363）。
我们使用 SWEAT 审核和 GIS 数据描述了建筑环境特征。我们通过面对面访谈获得了步行行为和潜在混杂因素的信息。
我们创建了两套环境措施，一套基于开发 SWEAT 时使用的概念框架，另一套基于主成分分析（PCA）。然后使用逻辑回归评估并比较每个措施与交通和运动步行的关联。
先验措施（目的地、安全性、美学和功能）和 PCA 措施（可达性、舒适性/安全性、维护和愉悦度）在概念意义上是相似的，与步行具有相似的关联。交通出行与目的地可达性和功能性元素有关，而锻炼与步行区域的维护和免受交通的保护有关。然而，只有 PCA 措施始终具有统计学意义。
通过 PCA 创建的措施比先验创建的措施更为简洁。执行 PCA 是一种高效的方法，可以组合和评分 SWEAT 和 GIS 数据。
