Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa;
Persoonia. 2008 Jun;20:87-102. doi: 10.3767/003158508X324227. Epub 2008 May 24.
The genus Phaeoacremonium is associated with opportunistic human infections, as well as stunted growth and die-back of various woody hosts, especially grapevines. In this study, Phaeoacremonium species were isolated from necrotic woody tissue of Prunus spp. (plum, peach, nectarine and apricot) from different stone fruit growing areas in South Africa. Morphological and cultural characteristics as well as DNA sequence data (5.8S rDNA, ITS1, ITS2, beta-tubulin, actin and 18S rDNA) were used to identify known, and describe novel species. From the total number of wood samples collected (257), 42 Phaeoacremonium isolates were obtained, from which 14 species were identified. Phaeoacremonium scolyti was most frequently isolated, and present on all Prunus species sampled, followed by Togninia minima (anamorph: Pm. aleophilum) and Pm. australiense. Almost all taxa isolated represent new records on Prunus. Furthermore, Pm. australiense,Pm. iranianum, T. fraxinopennsylvanica and Pm. griseorubrum represent new records for South Africa, while Pm. griseorubrum, hitherto only known from humans, is newly reported from a plant host. Five species are newly described, two of which produce a Togninia sexual state. Togninia africana, T. griseo-olivacea and Pm. pallidum are newly described from Prunus armeniaca, while Pm. prunicolum and Pm. fuscum are described from Prunus salicina.
青霉属与机会性人类感染以及各种木本宿主（特别是葡萄藤）的生长迟缓及枯死有关。在这项研究中，从南非不同核果种植区的李属（李、桃、油桃和杏）坏死木质组织中分离出青霉属物种。使用形态学和培养特征以及 DNA 序列数据（5.8S rDNA、ITS1、ITS2、β-微管蛋白、肌动蛋白和 18S rDNA）来鉴定已知和描述新物种。在所收集的总木材样本（257 个）中，获得了 42 个青霉属分离物，其中鉴定出 14 个种。最常分离到的是石笔木青霉，存在于所有采样的李属物种上，其次是小突脐孢（无性型：Pm. aleophilum）和 Pm. australiense。几乎所有分离出的分类群都代表了李属上的新记录。此外，Pm. australiense、Pm. iranianum、T. fraxinopennsylvanica 和 Pm. griseorubrum 代表了南非的新记录，而 Pm. griseorubrum 迄今为止仅在人类中被发现，现在也从植物宿主中被报道。有五个种被新描述，其中两个种产生突脐孢有性态。Togninia africana、T. griseo-olivacea 和 Pm. pallidum 是从李属扁桃中分离出来的，而 Pm. prunicolum 和 Pm. fuscum 是从李属樱中分离出来的。
