Otto Michael
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 33 1W10, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, Tel.: +1 301 443 5209.
Expert Rev Dermatol. 2010 Apr;5(2):183-195. doi: 10.1586/edm.10.6.
Staphylococci are the most abundant skin-colonizing bacteria and the most important causes of nosocomial infections and community-associated skin infections. Molecular determinants of staphylococcal skin colonization include surface polymers and proteins that promote adhesion and aggregation, and a wide variety of mechanisms to evade acquired and innate host defenses. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) likely play a central role in providing immunity to bacterial colonization on human epithelia. Recent research has shown that staphylococci have a broad arsenal to combat AMP activity, and can regulate expression of AMP-resistance mechanisms depending on the presence of AMPs. While direct in vivo evidence is still lacking, this suggests that the interplay between AMPs and AMP resistance mechanisms during evolution had a crucial role in rendering staphylococci efficient colonizers of human skin.
葡萄球菌是皮肤定植细菌中数量最多的，也是医院感染和社区相关性皮肤感染的最重要病因。葡萄球菌皮肤定植的分子决定因素包括促进黏附和聚集的表面聚合物和蛋白质，以及逃避后天和先天宿主防御的多种机制。抗菌肽（AMPs）可能在为人类上皮抵御细菌定植提供免疫方面发挥核心作用。最近的研究表明，葡萄球菌有广泛的武器库来对抗AMPs的活性，并能根据AMPs的存在调节抗AMPs机制的表达。虽然仍缺乏直接的体内证据，但这表明在进化过程中AMPs与AMPs抗性机制之间的相互作用在使葡萄球菌成为人类皮肤的高效定植菌方面起到了关键作用。
