Neurosciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010 Apr;23(2):113-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01043.x.
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, restricted carbohydrate regime that has been used as a treatment for seizures since the 1920s, when it was designed to induce a similar metabolic response to fasting. A modification of this early classical version of the KD was introduced in the 1970s using medium chain triglycerides as an alternative fat source. More recently, two alternative, less-restrictive dietary treatments have been developed: the modified Atkins diet and the low glycaemic index diet. There are many case reports and observational studies reporting successful use of the KD, and a growing number of studies reporting similar success with the modified Atkins protocol. A recent randomised controlled trial has shown a significant benefit of the KD compared to no change in treatment. The use of these dietary therapies in the UK is supported by literature evidence, although often is limited by a lack of resources; increasing awareness and knowledge is fundamental to ensure availability for those individuals with intractable epilepsy who may benefit from them.
生酮饮食（KD）是一种高脂肪、低碳水化合物的饮食方案，自 20 世纪 20 年代以来，它一直被用于治疗癫痫，其设计目的是诱导类似于禁食的代谢反应。20 世纪 70 年代，人们对这种早期的经典 KD 进行了改良，使用中链甘油三酯作为替代脂肪来源。最近，又开发了两种限制较少的替代饮食治疗方法：改良阿特金斯饮食法和低血糖指数饮食法。有许多病例报告和观察性研究报告了 KD 的成功应用，越来越多的研究报告了改良阿特金斯方案的类似成功。最近的一项随机对照试验表明，KD 与治疗无变化相比有显著益处。这些饮食疗法在英国的应用得到了文献证据的支持，尽管通常受到资源匮乏的限制；提高认识和知识是确保那些可能受益于这些疗法的难治性癫痫患者能够获得这些疗法的基础。
