Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
CIBERER-Centre for Biomedical Research Network in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 11;12(9):2785. doi: 10.3390/nu12092785.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global nutrition report shows that whilst part of the world's population starves, the other part suffers from obesity and associated complications. A balanced diet counterparts these extreme conditions with the proper proportion, composition, quantity, and presence of macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds. However, little is known on the way these components exert any influence on our health. These nutrients aiming to feed our bodies, our tissues, and our cells, first need to reach mitochondria, where they are decomposed into CO and HO to obtain energy. Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell and mainly responsible for nutrients metabolism, but they are also the main source of oxidative stress and cell death by apoptosis. Unappropriated nutrients may support mitochondrial to become the Trojan horse in the cell. This review aims to provide an approach to the role that some nutrients exert on mitochondria as a major contributor to high prevalent Western conditions including metabolic syndrome (MetS), a constellation of pathologic conditions which promotes type II diabetes and cardiovascular risk. Clinical and experimental data extracted from in vitro animal and cell models further demonstrated in patients, support the idea that a balanced diet, in a healthy lifestyle context, promotes proper bioenergetic and mitochondrial function, becoming the best medicine to prevent the onset and progression of MetS. Any advance in the prevention and management of these prevalent complications help to face these challenging global health problems, by ameliorating the quality of life of patients and reducing the associated sociosanitary burden.
根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的数据，全球营养报告显示，尽管世界上一部分人口在挨饿，但另一部分人却患有肥胖症和相关并发症。均衡的饮食通过适当的比例、组成、数量和宏量营养素、微量营养素和生物活性化合物的存在来平衡这些极端情况。然而，人们对这些成分如何影响我们的健康知之甚少。这些旨在为我们的身体、组织和细胞提供营养的营养素，首先需要到达线粒体，在那里它们被分解成 CO 和 HO 以获取能量。线粒体是细胞的能量工厂，主要负责营养物质的代谢，但它们也是氧化应激和细胞凋亡的主要来源。不适当的营养物质可能会支持线粒体成为细胞中的特洛伊木马。这篇综述旨在探讨一些营养素作为导致代谢综合征（MetS）等高发西方疾病的主要因素之一，对线粒体的作用。MetS 是一系列病理状况，可促进 II 型糖尿病和心血管风险。从体外动物和细胞模型中提取的临床和实验数据进一步在患者中得到证实，支持这样一种观点，即健康的生活方式中的均衡饮食促进适当的生物能量和线粒体功能，成为预防 MetS 发作和进展的最佳药物。任何在这些普遍并发症的预防和管理方面的进展都有助于应对这些具有挑战性的全球健康问题，改善患者的生活质量并减轻相关的社会卫生负担。
