Apoptosis Department and Centre for Genotoxic Stress Research, Institute of Cancer Biology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Trends Mol Med. 2010 Jul;16(7):295-302. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2010.04.005. Epub 2010 May 18.
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal self-digestion process essential for cellular homeostasis, differentiation and survival. As an adaptive response, it protects organisms against a wide range of pathologies, including cancer, infection, neurodegeneration, heart disease and ageing. Thus, compounds activating autophagy could have great potential in the prevention of common diseases. Interestingly, recent data link autophagy to two functions of the active form of vitamin D (VD): the induction of cancer cell death and the clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages. Because VD deficiency is associated with many pathologies resembling those induced by defective autophagy, it is tempting to speculate that autophagy plays a more general role in the multiple health-promoting effects of VD.
自噬是一种进化上保守的溶酶体自我消化过程，对细胞的动态平衡、分化和存活至关重要。作为一种适应性反应，它可以保护生物免受广泛的病理影响，包括癌症、感染、神经退行性疾病、心脏病和衰老。因此，激活自噬的化合物在预防常见疾病方面可能具有巨大的潜力。有趣的是，最近的数据将自噬与活性维生素 D（VD）的两种功能联系起来：诱导癌细胞死亡和清除巨噬细胞中的结核分枝杆菌。由于 VD 缺乏与许多类似于自噬缺陷引起的病理有关，因此推测自噬在 VD 的多种促进健康的作用中发挥更普遍的作用。
