Department of Internal Medicine, Varberg Hospital, Varberg, Sweden.
J Clin Nurs. 2010 Mar;19(5-6):840-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03017.x.
The aim of this study was to explore how health care professionals perceive the well-being of patients and relatives following open-heart surgery.
Open-heart surgery is an extraordinary life event associated with hope and fear among both patients and relatives, thus they require attention from health care professionals. Patients' short stay in hospital after surgery and the workload of health care professionals increase the risk that reduced well-being will be overlooked. Health care professionals need to become familiar with the signs of reduced well-being.
The study has an observational design and was performed using a qualitative method.
Health care professionals working with patients who have undergone open-heart surgery participated in focus group discussions. The data were analysed by means of content analysis.
Two categories emerged: signs of vulnerability and signs of insecurity. The latent meaning of the study was interpreted as awareness of an exposed position.
The health care professionals were aware of patients' and relatives' exposed position following open-heart surgery. Reduced well-being was communicated by bodily and emotional signs, which were captured using direct communication or intuition.
Developing the ability to recognise signs of reduced well-being is important for minimising the negative influences associated with open-heart surgery for patients and relatives. Increased awareness that both anger and avoidance can mask depression is important. Patients and their relatives, particularly younger ones, should be observed to ensure early detection of a life crisis provoked by the heart disease. Furthermore, staff should invite patients and their partners to talk about sexuality. Changes aimed at increasing patients' and relatives' well-being would be facilitated by interdisciplinary teamwork, 'reflection groups' for a greater exchange of knowledge and the implementation of a patient/family perspective. The latter would lead to greater interest in the relatives' situation and position in cardiac care.
本研究旨在探讨医护人员如何感知心脏直视手术后患者和家属的幸福感。
心脏直视手术是一种特殊的生活事件，患者和家属都充满了希望和恐惧，因此他们需要医护人员的关注。患者手术后在医院的短暂停留和医护人员的工作量增加了幸福感降低的风险，容易被忽视。医护人员需要熟悉幸福感降低的迹象。
本研究采用观察性设计，采用定性方法进行。
参与心脏直视手术患者护理的医护人员参加了焦点小组讨论。使用内容分析法对数据进行分析。
出现了两个类别：脆弱的迹象和不安全的迹象。研究的潜在含义被解释为暴露位置的意识。
医护人员意识到心脏直视手术后患者和家属的脆弱地位。幸福感的降低通过身体和情绪的迹象来传达，可以通过直接沟通或直觉来捕捉。
培养识别幸福感降低迹象的能力对于减少心脏直视手术对患者和家属的负面影响非常重要。提高对愤怒和回避都可能掩盖抑郁的认识很重要。应该观察患者及其家属，特别是年轻的患者及其家属，以确保早期发现心脏病引发的生活危机。此外，工作人员应邀请患者及其伴侣谈论性问题。通过跨学科团队合作、“反思小组”促进知识交流以及实施患者/家庭视角，可以促进旨在提高患者和家属幸福感的改变。后者将使人们更加关注亲属在心脏护理中的情况和地位。
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