Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland.
Br J Nutr. 2010 Oct;104(8):1222-9. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510002011. Epub 2010 May 26.
Barbados has been experiencing increasing rates of obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases characteristic of a country in nutrition transition. However, few studies have been carried out on how precisely the diet has changed in recent decades. Our aim was to analyse the FAO food balance sheets for Barbados from 1961 to 2003 in order to characterise the changes that have taken place in the macronutrient supply of the country during that period. Annual food balance sheets were downloaded from the FAOSTAT database, and per capita supply for twelve commodity groupings was analysed for energy and macronutrient levels using WISP dietary analysis software (Tinuviel Software, Llanfechell, Anglesey, UK). The food supply in 2003 provided over 2500 kJ (about 600 kcal) more energy per capita per d than it did in 1961. Energy from carbohydrate as a percentage of total energy has fallen from 70% in 1961 to 57% in 2003 and is now at the lower end of WHO recommendations. Energy from fat as a percentage of total energy increased from 19% to 28% and now lies at the upper end of WHO recommendations. Sugars, at over 17% of dietary energy, are well above the upper limit set by the WHO. Despite having methodological limitations associated with the use of food balance statistics, our data suggest that these imbalances need to be addressed as a matter of priority in order to try to reverse the incidence of nutrition-related chronic diseases that are projected to cause increasing disability and premature death in the country in the coming years.
巴巴多斯的肥胖率和慢性非传染性疾病不断上升，这些疾病是处于营养转型期国家的特征。然而，关于饮食在最近几十年究竟发生了怎样的变化，却鲜少有研究涉及。我们的目的是分析 1961 年至 2003 年期间巴巴多斯的粮农组织食物平衡表，以确定在此期间该国的主要营养素供应发生了哪些变化。我们从 FAOSTAT 数据库中下载了年度食物平衡表，并使用 WISP 饮食分析软件（Tinuviel Software，Llanfechell，Anglesey，UK）分析了 12 种商品组别的人均能量和主要营养素水平。与 1961 年相比，2003 年的食物供应为每人每天提供的能量多出 2500 千焦（约 600 卡路里）以上。碳水化合物提供的能量占总能量的比例从 1961 年的 70%下降到 2003 年的 57%，目前处于世界卫生组织推荐范围的低端。脂肪提供的能量占总能量的比例从 19%增加到 28%，目前处于世界卫生组织推荐范围的高端。糖提供的能量超过了膳食能量的 17%，远高于世界卫生组织设定的上限。尽管使用食物平衡统计数据存在方法上的局限性，但我们的数据表明，这些不平衡需要作为优先事项加以解决，以努力扭转预计在未来几年内导致与营养相关的慢性疾病发病率上升、并在该国造成越来越多残疾和过早死亡的局面。
