National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 Jul;8(7):471-80. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2381.
Growth of oral bacteria in situ requires adhesion to a surface because the constant flow of host secretions thwarts the ability of planktonic cells to grow before they are swallowed. Therefore, oral bacteria evolved to form biofilms on hard tooth surfaces and on soft epithelial tissues, which often contain multiple bacterial species. Because these biofilms are easy to study, they have become the paradigm of multispecies biofilms. In this Review we describe the factors involved in the formation of these biofilms, including the initial adherence to the oral tissues and teeth, cooperation between bacterial species in the biofilm, signalling between the bacteria and its role in pathogenesis, and the transfer of DNA between bacteria. In all these aspects distance between cells of different species is integral for oral biofilm growth.
口腔细菌的生长需要在表面附着，因为宿主分泌物的不断流动会阻碍浮游细胞在被吞咽之前生长。因此，口腔细菌进化形成了在硬牙表面和软上皮组织上的生物膜，这些组织通常包含多种细菌。由于这些生物膜易于研究，因此它们已成为多物种生物膜的范例。在本综述中，我们描述了形成这些生物膜的因素，包括初始与口腔组织和牙齿的附着、生物膜中细菌之间的合作、细菌之间的信号传递及其在发病机制中的作用以及细菌之间的 DNA 转移。在所有这些方面，不同物种细胞之间的距离对于口腔生物膜的生长都是必不可少的。
