Roche N A, Monstrey S J, Matton G E
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Gent, Belgium.
Acta Chir Belg. 2010 Mar-Apr;110(2):250-4. doi: 10.1080/00015458.2010.11680612.
A pilomatricoma, also known as pilomatrixoma or calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a benign skin tumor arising from the hair follicle matrix. This tumor is common in children and young adults, especially in the head and neck region. However, pilomatricomas are frequently misdiagnosed or not recognized. The history is typical of a slowly enlarging mass, irregularly contoured, it is fixed to the skin but slides freely over the, underlying tissues, often with a discolouration which varies from red to purple-bluish. Ultrasound examination, MRI-scan and fine-needle aspiration can be helpful if the diagnosis is uncertain. Spontaneous regression has never been observed and malignant degeneration is very rare. Surgical excision with clear margins is the treatment of choice, otherwise recurrence may occur due to incomplete resection.
毛发上皮瘤，也称为毛母质瘤或马勒布钙化上皮瘤，是一种起源于毛囊基质的良性皮肤肿瘤。这种肿瘤在儿童和年轻人中很常见，尤其是在头颈部区域。然而，毛发上皮瘤经常被误诊或未被识别。其病史通常表现为一个缓慢增大的肿块，外形不规则，与皮肤粘连但可在其下方组织上自由滑动，通常伴有从红色到紫蓝色不等的变色。如果诊断不确定，超声检查、磁共振成像扫描和细针穿刺可能会有所帮助。从未观察到自发消退，恶性变非常罕见。手术切除边缘清晰是首选治疗方法，否则可能因切除不完全而复发。
