McFerran J B, McNulty M S, Curran W L
Am J Vet Res. 1978 Mar;39(3):505-8.
Clinical material from avian species was examined directly by electron microscopy for the presence of viruses. Mycoplasma-like and coronavirus-like particles were found in chicken feces. These particles did not appear to be associated with disease and were not propagated in the laboratory. Infectious bursal disease virus was readily detected in impression smears of bursas from experimentally infected birds. Poxviruses were demonstrated in smears made from canarypox lesions. Difficulty in distinguishing intact particles of Newcastle disease virus from mycoplasmas and orthomyxoviruses was resolved by treating viral preparations with deoxycholate. After treatment, Newcastle disease virus was lysed, rendering the nucleocapsid visible, whereas influenza virus was mainly unaffected. Viral particles that were recognized only with difficulty by direct elecron microscopic examination were more easily identified using immunoelectron microscopy.
直接通过电子显微镜检查鸟类的临床材料，以检测病毒的存在。在鸡粪便中发现了类支原体和类冠状病毒颗粒。这些颗粒似乎与疾病无关，且无法在实验室中繁殖。在实验感染鸟类的法氏囊印片中很容易检测到传染性法氏囊病病毒。在由金丝雀痘病变制成的涂片中证实了痘病毒的存在。通过用脱氧胆酸盐处理病毒制剂，解决了区分新城疫病毒完整颗粒与支原体和正粘病毒的难题。处理后，新城疫病毒被裂解，使核衣壳可见，而流感病毒基本未受影响。使用免疫电子显微镜可以更轻松地识别那些通过直接电子显微镜检查难以识别的病毒颗粒。
