Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
Emotion. 2010 Jun;10(3):349-57. doi: 10.1037/a0018486.
Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament characterized in young children by a heightened sensitivity to novelty, social withdrawal, and anxious behaviors. For many children, these social difficulties dissipate over time. For others, patterns of social withdrawal continue into adolescence. Over time, attention biases to threat may influence the stability of BI and its association with social withdrawal, ultimately modulating the risk for anxiety disorders in BI children. However, we know relatively little about the cognitive processes that accompany BI and shape later socio-emotional functioning. We examined the relations among BI in childhood, attention biases to threat in adolescence, and adolescent social withdrawal in a longitudinal study (N = 126, Mean age = 15 years). As has been reported in anxious adults, adolescents who were behaviorally inhibited as toddlers and young children showed heightened attention bias to threat. In addition, attention bias to threat moderated the relation between childhood BI and adolescent social withdrawal.
行为抑制（BI）是一种在幼儿中表现出对新奇事物、社交退缩和焦虑行为高度敏感的气质特征。对于许多孩子来说，这些社交困难会随着时间的推移而消失。对于其他人来说，社交退缩的模式会持续到青春期。随着时间的推移，对威胁的注意偏见可能会影响 BI 的稳定性及其与社交退缩的关联，最终调节 BI 儿童患焦虑障碍的风险。然而，我们对伴随 BI 并塑造其后期社会情感功能的认知过程知之甚少。我们在一项纵向研究中（N=126，平均年龄=15 岁）研究了儿童期 BI、青少年期对威胁的注意偏见和青少年期社交退缩之间的关系。正如焦虑成年人所报告的那样，在幼儿和儿童时期表现出行为抑制的青少年对威胁的注意偏见更强烈。此外，注意偏见对威胁的调节作用，在儿童时期 BI 和青少年社交退缩之间存在关联。
