Milne Elizabeth, Szczerbinski Marcin
Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TP, UK.
Adv Cogn Psychol. 2009 Apr 27;5:1-26. doi: 10.2478/v10053-008-0062-8.
Historically, the concepts of field-independence, closure flexibility, and weak central coherence have been used to denote a locally, rather globally, dominated perceptual style. To date, there has been little attempt to clarify the relationship between these constructs, or to examine the convergent validity of the various tasks purported to measure them. To address this, we administered 14 tasks that have been used to study visual perceptual styles to a group of 90 neuro-typical adults. The data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis. We found evidence for the existence of a narrowly defined weak central coherence (field-independence) factor that received loadings from only a few of the tasks used to operationalise this concept. This factor can most aptly be described as representing the ability to dis-embed a simple stimulus from a more complex array. The results suggest that future studies of perceptual styles should include tasks whose theoretical validity is empirically verified, as such validity cannot be established merely on the basis of a priori task analysis. Moreover, the use of multiple indices is required to capture the latent dimensions of perceptual styles reliably.
从历史上看，场独立性、闭合灵活性和弱中央连贯性的概念一直被用来表示一种局部而非全局主导的感知风格。迄今为止，几乎没有人试图阐明这些结构之间的关系，或检验旨在测量它们的各种任务的收敛效度。为了解决这个问题，我们对90名神经典型成年人进行了14项用于研究视觉感知风格的任务。对数据进行了探索性因素分析。我们发现存在一个狭义定义的弱中央连贯性（场独立性）因素的证据，该因素仅从用于操作化这一概念的少数任务中获得载荷。这个因素最恰当地可以描述为代表从更复杂的阵列中分离出简单刺激的能力。结果表明，未来对感知风格的研究应包括其理论效度经过实证验证的任务，因为这种效度不能仅仅基于先验任务分析来确定。此外，需要使用多个指标来可靠地捕捉感知风格的潜在维度。
