Department of Oral Radiology and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2010 Nov;21(11):1271-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.01943.x. Epub 2010 Aug 19.
To assess patient discomfort in terms of pain, swelling and bleeding following immediate implant placement in molar regions using one of three regenerative techniques.
Ninety-two patients (44 women and 48 men; mean age 50 years [range 23-77], 35 smokers and 57 non-smokers) in need of a single implant crown to replace a molar were included. After placing the implant large periimplant defects were present. These defects were treated either with autologous bone (AB) chips, Ossix membrane (OM) or a combination of AB chips and OM. The postoperative course was recorded on 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS) with extreme end points for the level of pain on the day of surgery, 1, 2 and 3 days postoperatively (no/extreme pain); swelling on the day of surgery, 1, 2 and 3 days postoperatively (no/severe swelling); and bleeding from the wound on the day of surgery, 1, 2 and 3 days postoperatively (no/severe bleeding).
Pain peaked 5-6 h postoperatively (mean VAS=25). Swelling (mean VAS=62) and oozing from the wound (mean VAS=13) peaked 1 day postoperatively. There were no significant differences in the perception of pain, swelling or oozing from the wound between the three regenerative groups. The VAS score for pain was higher for smokers than for non-smokers at all times; a significant difference was found from 1 day until 3 days postoperatively (0.011<P<0.048). All pain scores, except the score for the day of the operation, were significantly higher in younger (<50 years) than in older patients (≥50 years) (0.002≤P≤0.49).
Patients experienced little to moderate pain in combination with marginally severe swelling and mild oozing after immediate implant placement in molar regions involving regenerative techniques. Being a smoker was associated with more pain in contrast to being >50 years, which was associated with less pain.
评估三种再生技术之一用于磨牙区即刻种植时患者疼痛、肿胀和出血的不适情况。
共纳入 92 名患者（44 名女性和 48 名男性；平均年龄 50 岁[范围 23-77]，35 名吸烟者和 57 名不吸烟者），这些患者均需要单颗种植体冠修复磨牙。植入种植体后，会出现较大的种植体周围缺损。这些缺损分别采用自体骨（AB）片、Ossix 膜（OM）或 AB 片和 OM 联合治疗。术后采用 100mm 视觉模拟评分（VAS）记录患者的恢复过程，极端端点分别为手术当天、术后 1、2 和 3 天的疼痛程度（无/极度疼痛）；手术当天、术后 1、2 和 3 天的肿胀程度（无/严重肿胀）；以及手术当天、术后 1、2 和 3 天的伤口出血程度（无/严重出血）。
疼痛在术后 5-6 小时达到峰值（平均 VAS=25）。肿胀（平均 VAS=62）和伤口渗血（平均 VAS=13）在术后 1 天达到峰值。三种再生组之间在疼痛、肿胀或伤口渗血的感知方面无显著差异。与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者在所有时间点的疼痛评分均较高，术后 1 天至 3 天差异具有统计学意义（0.011<P<0.048）。除手术当天外，所有疼痛评分在年龄较小（<50 岁）的患者中均显著高于年龄较大（≥50 岁）的患者（0.002≤P≤0.49）。
在涉及再生技术的磨牙区即刻种植中，患者的疼痛程度较轻至中度，同时伴有轻微的肿胀和轻度渗血。与年龄较大的患者相比，吸烟者的疼痛程度更高，而年龄较大的患者的疼痛程度较低。
