Department of Medical Psychology and Sociology, University of Freiburg, Germany.
Clin Rehabil. 2010 Aug;24(8):745-55. doi: 10.1177/0269215510367538. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
To compare multi- and interdisciplinary team approaches concerning team process (teamwork) and team effectiveness (team performance and staff satisfaction) in German medical rehabilitation clinics.
A cross-sectional study with a descriptive-explorative design.
Eighteen medical rehabilitation clinics divided into two groups (somatic and psychosomatic indication fields).
The 18 head physicians or psychotherapists in the clinics and their complete rehabilitation teams (n = 824).
An interview guide was designed to determine the team approach in a telephone interview. A staff questionnaire for team members measured teamwork and team effectiveness with psychometrically validated questionnaires and self-administered items.
All 18 head physicians took part in the telephone interview. The response rate of the employee attitude survey averaged 46% (n = 378). Eight teams were categorized as multidisciplinary and seven teams as interdisciplinary. In three cases the results were ambiguous. These teams were not considered in the further study. As expected, the interdisciplinary team approach showed significantly better results for nearly all aspects of teamwork and team effectiveness in comparison with the multidisciplinary team approach. The differences between multi- and interdisciplinary approach concerning teamwork and team effectiveness were higher in the somatic (8 teams, n = 183) than in the psychosomatic indication fields (7 teams, n = 195).
Teamwork and team effectiveness are higher in teams working with the interdisciplinary team approach. Therefore the interdisciplinary approach can be recommended, particularly for clinics in the somatic indication field. Team development can help to move from the multidisciplinary to the interdisciplinary approach.
比较德国医疗康复诊所中多学科和跨学科团队方法在团队流程（团队合作）和团队效果（团队绩效和员工满意度）方面的差异。
具有描述性和探索性设计的横断面研究。
分为两组（躯体和身心障碍指示领域）的 18 家医疗康复诊所。
诊所的 18 位主治医生或心理治疗师及其完整的康复团队（n = 824）。
设计了一个访谈指南，通过电话访谈确定团队方法。团队成员员工调查问卷使用经过心理测量验证的问卷和自我管理项目来衡量团队合作和团队效果。
所有 18 位主治医生都参加了电话访谈。员工态度调查的回复率平均为 46%（n = 378）。8 个团队被归类为多学科，7 个团队被归类为跨学科。在三种情况下，结果存在歧义。这些团队在进一步的研究中未被考虑。正如预期的那样，与多学科团队方法相比，跨学科团队方法在团队合作和团队效果的几乎所有方面都显示出明显更好的结果。在躯体指示领域（8 个团队，n = 183）中，跨学科和多学科方法在团队合作和团队效果方面的差异高于身心障碍指示领域（7 个团队，n = 195）。
采用跨学科团队方法的团队在团队合作和团队效果方面更高。因此，特别是对于躯体指示领域的诊所，推荐采用跨学科方法。团队发展可以帮助从多学科方法向跨学科方法转变。
