GREPS EA 4163, Equipe PSECO, Institut de Psychologie, University of Lyon, 5 Avenue Pierre Mendès-France, Bron Cedex, France.
J Gambl Stud. 2011 Jun;27(2):271-85. doi: 10.1007/s10899-010-9204-2.
Two experiments examined the relationships between the knowledge that another person has won in a gamble, the illusion of control and risk taking. Participants played a computer-simulated French roulette game individually. Before playing, some participants learnt that another person won a large amount of money. Results from a first experiment (n = 24) validated a causal model where the knowledge of another person's win increased the illusion of control, measured with betting times, expectancy and self-reports on scales, which in turn encourages risk taking. In the second experiment (n = 36), some participants were told the previous player acknowledged the win to be fortuitous. The suppression of the belief that the previous winner had himself exerted control over the outcome resulted in lower rates of risk-taking behaviors. This suggests that it was not the knowledge of another person's win in itself that increased risk taking, but rather, the belief that the other person had some control over the gamble's outcome. Theoretical implications for the study of social mechanisms involved in gambling behavior are discussed.
两项实验考察了他人在赌博中获胜的信息、控制错觉与冒险行为之间的关系。参与者单独玩一个计算机模拟的法式轮盘游戏。在游戏前，一些参与者得知另一个人赢得了一大笔钱。第一项实验（n=24）的结果验证了一个因果模型，即他人获胜的信息增加了控制错觉，通过投注时间、期望和自我报告的量表来衡量，这反过来又鼓励了冒险行为。在第二项实验（n=36）中，一些参与者被告知前一个玩家承认胜利是偶然的。抑制前一个获胜者自己对结果施加控制的信念，导致冒险行为的比率降低。这表明，增加冒险行为的不是他人获胜的知识本身，而是认为他人对赌博结果有一定控制的信念。本文讨论了赌博行为中涉及的社会机制研究的理论意义。
