Srdić B, Stokić E, Korać A, Ukropina M, Veličković K, Breberina M
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2010 Nov;118(10):713-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1254165. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
Morphological changes in adipose tissue reflect functional disorders that correlate with cardiometabolic complications of obesity. The metabolic risks vary among the obese individuals. Furthermore, normal-weight individuals are not necessarily metabolically healthy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze morphological characteristics of the abdominal adipose tissue in normal-weight and obese individuals in regards to metabolic risks.
The study group consisted of 30 overweight or obese and 20 normal-weight women undergoing elective surgery. Women of each group were divided into metabolically healthy and metabolically obese, based on the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride, total-, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol levels. The size and numerical density of adipocytes, as well as volume density of blood vessels in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue were compared among subgroups. The results showed hypertrophy of adipocytes of visceral adipose tissue in metabolically obese normal-weight women. At the same time, metabolically healthy obese women had smaller adipocytes in both depots in comparison with "at risk" obese women. The lowest volume density of blood vessels correlated with the largest diameter of adipocytes in "at risk" obese women indicating hypoxic changes in visceral adipose tissue. The observed differences of the adipose tissue morphology did not correlate with considerable phenotypic differences within either the normal-weight or obese women group.
Changes in adipocyte size, cellular and vascular density of adipose tissue in relation with metabolic disorders, regardless of nutritional level, suggest limited capacity of fat deposition and adipose tissue response to hypoxia.
脂肪组织的形态变化反映了与肥胖的心脏代谢并发症相关的功能紊乱。肥胖个体的代谢风险各不相同。此外，体重正常的个体不一定代谢健康。因此，本研究的目的是分析体重正常和肥胖个体腹部脂肪组织的形态特征与代谢风险的关系。
研究组由30名超重或肥胖以及20名体重正常的接受择期手术的女性组成。根据胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，将每组女性分为代谢健康组和代谢性肥胖组。比较各亚组皮下和内脏脂肪组织中脂肪细胞的大小和数量密度以及血管的体积密度。结果显示，代谢性肥胖的体重正常女性内脏脂肪组织中的脂肪细胞肥大。同时，与“有风险”的肥胖女性相比，代谢健康的肥胖女性在两个脂肪库中的脂肪细胞都较小。“有风险”的肥胖女性中，最低的血管体积密度与最大的脂肪细胞直径相关，表明内脏脂肪组织存在缺氧变化。在体重正常或肥胖女性组中，观察到的脂肪组织形态差异与显著的表型差异无关。
无论营养水平如何，脂肪细胞大小、脂肪组织的细胞和血管密度与代谢紊乱相关的变化表明脂肪沉积能力和脂肪组织对缺氧的反应有限。
