Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Obesity Medical Center, University Hospital Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2023 Mar 31;15(7):1723. doi: 10.3390/nu15071723.
Adipose tissue (AT) dysregulation is a key process in the pathophysiology of obesity and its cardiometabolic complications, but even if a growing body of evidence has been collected over recent decades, the underlying molecular basis of adiposopathy remains to be fully understood. In this context, mitochondria, the intracellular organelles that orchestrate energy production and undergo highly dynamic adaptive changes in response to changing environments, have emerged as crucial regulators of both white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism and function. Given that the gut microbiota and its metabolites are able to regulate host metabolism, adipogenesis, WAT inflammation, and thermogenesis, we hypothesize that their frequently observed dysregulation in obesity could affect AT metabolism by exerting direct and indirect effects on AT mitochondria. By collecting and revising the current evidence on the connections between gut microbiota and AT mitochondria in obesity, we gained insights into the molecular biology of their hitherto largely unexplored crosstalk, tracing how gut microbiota may regulate AT mitochondrial function.
脂肪组织（AT）失调是肥胖及其合并心血管代谢并发症的病理生理学的关键过程，但即使近几十年来已经积累了越来越多的证据，脂肪病的潜在分子基础仍有待充分理解。在这种情况下，线粒体作为细胞内器官，协调能量产生，并根据环境变化发生高度动态的适应性变化，已成为白色（WAT）和棕色脂肪组织（BAT）代谢和功能的关键调节因子。鉴于肠道微生物群及其代谢产物能够调节宿主代谢、脂肪生成、WAT 炎症和产热，我们假设它们在肥胖症中经常观察到的失调可能通过对 AT 线粒体产生直接和间接影响来影响 AT 代谢。通过收集和修订目前关于肥胖症中肠道微生物群和 AT 线粒体之间联系的证据，我们深入了解了它们迄今在很大程度上未被探索的串扰的分子生物学，追溯了肠道微生物群可能调节 AT 线粒体功能的方式。
