Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
Psychiatry Res. 2011 Jan 30;185(1-2):78-83. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.07.018. Epub 2010 Dec 9.
Schizotypal personality traits (schizotypy) might be seen as on a continuum with schizophrenia. However, controversy remains with regard to whether this continuum is quasi-dimensional, applying only to people with schizophrenia and schizotypy, or fully dimensional, applying to all people. If the fully dimensional model is accurate, schizotypy could be described by the same personality theories as are applied to people in general. We examined the relationship between schizotypy and the five-factor model of personality (FFM), which is arguably the most established contemporary personality theory. When we assumed a hierarchic structure of schizotypy factors, we found that the FFM scales could explain schizotypy fairly well regardless of the questionnaires used, suggesting that schizotypy might represent a variation better understood by reference to typical dimensions of personality, though it might still indicate a predisposition to schizophrenia. This article discusses this conclusion in relation to each of the five personality factors. A perspective that situates schizophrenia on a continuum with general personality variations implies that this disorder constitutes a potential risk for everyone and, thus, helps to promote understanding and correct misunderstandings that contribute to prejudice.
分裂型人格特质（分裂型）可能被视为与精神分裂症有关的连续体。然而，关于这个连续体是否是准维度的，仅适用于患有精神分裂症和分裂型的人，还是完全维度的，适用于所有人，仍然存在争议。如果完全维度的模型是准确的，那么分裂型可以用适用于一般人群的相同人格理论来描述。我们研究了分裂型与人格的五因素模型（FFM）之间的关系，该模型可以说是最成熟的当代人格理论。当我们假设分裂型因素的层次结构时，我们发现无论使用哪种问卷，FFM 量表都可以很好地解释分裂型，这表明分裂型可能代表了一种更好地通过典型人格维度来理解的变异，尽管它仍然可能表明对精神分裂症的倾向。本文将根据五个人格因素中的每一个来讨论这个结论。将精神分裂症置于与一般人格变异有关的连续体上的观点意味着这种障碍对每个人都是潜在的风险，因此有助于促进理解和纠正导致偏见的误解。
