Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-1284, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2010 Jun;57(3):729-50. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2010.02.008.
The drive toward success in sports and the need for a cosmetically acceptable appearance have driven many adolescents to take a wide variety of so-called doping substances. The consumption of these chemicals in the hope and hype of improved sports performance, fueled by the easing of government restrictions on their proof of safety and efficacy, has resulted in an explosion of so-called ergogenic products available to our youth. Agents that have been used include anabolic steroids, anabolic-like agents, designer steroids, creatine, protein and amino acid supplements, minerals, antioxidants, stimulants, blood doping, erythropoietin, beta-blockers, and others. The use of these agents has considerable potential to cause physical and psychological damage. Use and misuse of drugs in this sports doping process should be discouraged. This discussion reviews some of the agents that are currently being used. Clinicians providing sports medicine care to youth, whether through anticipatory guidance or direct sports medicine management, should educate their young patients about the hype and hyperbole of these products that may keep them out instead of in the game at considerable financial cost to the unwary consumer.
在体育领域取得成功的动力以及对外表美观的需求，促使许多青少年尝试了各种各样所谓的兴奋剂物质。这些化学物质被广泛用于提高运动表现，希望能像炒作的那样带来效果，而政府对其安全性和有效性的限制放宽，导致所谓的能增强运动能力的产品如爆炸般涌入市场，供我们的年轻人使用。被使用的物质包括合成代谢类固醇、类合成代谢物质、设计类固醇、肌酸、蛋白质和氨基酸补充剂、矿物质、抗氧化剂、兴奋剂、血液兴奋剂、促红细胞生成素、β受体阻滞剂等。这些物质的使用有很大的可能造成身体和心理损伤。应该劝阻在这种运动兴奋剂过程中使用和滥用药物。本文讨论了目前正在使用的一些物质。为青少年提供运动医学护理的临床医生，无论是通过预期指导还是直接运动医学管理，都应该教育他们的年轻患者，让他们了解这些产品的炒作和夸大宣传，这些产品可能会让他们无法参与运动，而不是像宣传的那样让他们参与运动，这会给没有防备的消费者带来相当大的经济损失。
