School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;41(4):433-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.05.001. Epub 2010 May 31.
Despite the importance of intrusive memories in clinical disorders, research has been limited by a dearth of paradigms that permit experimental study of intrusions. This study describes a hypnotic paradigm for eliciting intrusive memories. Forty-nine highly hypnotisable participants nominated a distressing memory prior to being hypnotised. During hypnosis, they received the suggestion that they would remember the memory in response to a designated cue after the hypnosis session. Half of the participants also received a posthypnotic amnesia suggestion for the source of the memory. Following hypnosis, all participants completed a cognitive task and during the task received the cue to recall the memory. Results demonstrated that memories experienced after posthypnotic amnesia were experienced as more involuntary and more distressing than those that were knowingly retrieved. Participants in the posthypnotic amnesia condition also demonstrated greater interference on the cognitive task after the retrieval cue was given than those who intentionally retrieved the memory. These findings suggest that posthypnotic suggestion provides a useful paradigm to elicit intrusive memories under experimental conditions.
尽管侵入性记忆在临床障碍中很重要，但由于缺乏允许对侵入性进行实验研究的范式，研究一直受到限制。本研究描述了一种诱发侵入性记忆的催眠范式。49 名高度催眠易感性的参与者在被催眠前提名了一段痛苦的记忆。在催眠过程中，他们收到了暗示，暗示他们会在催眠后session 后收到指定提示时记住这段记忆。一半的参与者还收到了记忆来源的催眠后遗忘建议。催眠后，所有参与者都完成了一项认知任务，在任务中收到了回忆记忆的提示。结果表明，在催眠后遗忘后经历的记忆比那些有意回忆的记忆更不由自主，更痛苦。在给出检索提示后，接受催眠后遗忘条件的参与者在认知任务上的干扰也大于那些有意回忆记忆的参与者。这些发现表明，催眠后暗示提供了一种有用的范式，可以在实验条件下引发侵入性记忆。
